evolve a! memsolvss. s. We cannot know 3413mm oi whai ekisu We will arrays in a minor pan oi me ioial rniormaimn syslem Thus, we are learners only in our home gurderis, and learners elsewhere Nowhere do we ereaie Everyinrng we depend on we have evolved irom rrrhri rs already errand, and iirai iireludes ourselves Thoughinil people irhose who gee reereanon irom iryrng io undersiandl need wilderness as sehools need ieaehers, Should we lose ihe wilderness, or suiler ii lope desrroyed, we will be reeyeled ior more appropnaie liie in any number oi ways, seine rery painlul and pniiiaeied We ran also siaie our iirsi 'error‘ ihesis here. soeh errors, onee made. lead us rnio rnereasing problems When we some rrrio wilderness. we are in oonilici whh so many a lame ihaiwo have io desinry ihrm io errsi. Keep oui oi lhe bush h is already in good oidei. 3.11 INCREMENTAL DESIGN Almosi all engineering design rs based on small ehanges io erisiing designs. uniil sorne ulnrnaee limii rn eiireieney or periorrnanee is nachld The whole prcKL-ss sari sake eeniurios, and rho end mull eair be mass-produeed ii neees ary Kevin Lyneh ilqilzl in his book sire planning wrues ni siie designing by rnereiiienrai adapiaiion ol already-eeisiing designs design by lollnwrng physical sysrenrs inai have been shown Io work He believes rhe hesi siie planning ol rive pasi io he a resuli oi inis proeess, and ihai ii in lac! works very well unless some exrenral and rmponani eondnion reg markei or land ownership) ehairges He marniarns ihai ihrs irnenining ol airless/vi design ior a speeriie elimaie and purpose ean be ioially rnappropriaie ii nanslerred mu oimlnrre, eliiiraie, or ii applied lo a drieerern purpose. li is, however. ihe mosi sueeessiui way (0 proeeed liner seleeirve plaeemeni and energy eonservaiion is paid suliieieni aneniion, Known elieerive design uniis aird speei reaiions, wheiher of roads, eulveris, houses, garden beds, or ieelinologies have been sabreeied lo long iesis, ond have evolved lrom ieials ior preioiypesl in working and reliable siandards Even ii "uldrhshimich rkeovershoi waier wheels», ihey may ycl represeni a siinplieny and an eliieieney hand no beae wrihoui a ennsrderaele rnerease in expense and (omplexny Sueh eonnrruai adapiauon rs ihe basis 01 Ieedbaek ui sysiems undergoing esiabilshmeni, where we make ad ons or ehanges io horses or piani sysmm. ii is nor ihe way, however, in saiisly ihe demands ol a (omplex sysrem whreh ilike a privaie home and garden) has lo sairsiy a (amplex see oi prioriiiee. Nor does ii eope wllh enanging nnures, new rniormaiien SB and seis oi values, or simply sell—relianee and sellegovenum. 2 SUMMARY OF DESIGN METHODS To sum up, in whole iarm planning and in repore wnnng, ouilriring areas oi like soil, slope, at drainage will suggesi sensible cwps, iieaimenis, ieneelraes and land use generally. ll we aeeepi whai is ihere, eehreal land use dieiaies eonservanye and appropriaie usage, sue ias may happenl it someone is deiennrnod In raise when on all ilrai land regardless oi vanaiions, ihey earn pmbably do so only li urey eommand enough energy or resourees l am sure we ean grow bananas in Aorareirea ii we are prepaid io spend enough money or ran persuade penguins io heal a glasshouse: lnsoiar as we enier rnio village design, we may have immoral and spaee eonsirainis on upper or lower sizes: a 'bxedk4ven" poini and an “opilmum' number o1 houses per mm area, However, ii we negleei a loray mlo ihe soerai eiieeis ol seiiieoreni sire and mm ihe neediul loeal iuneirons relaied lo sememeni size, we may be designing ior nuriran mlseryi ihe unde servreing ol needs, and even ior sueh soeiopaihoiogies as our and enme Sueh designs may be eeonomie irii eash rerrnsi. eilrereni lor one use only, and ioially inhuman Bur ihey are buile every day For example, ii was lound inai rals subieeied io oreaihing in ihe same airsiream oi rlreir knows eeperreneed severe insiaoiliiy, physrologieai srress, and ronseoueni paihulog alun ioerowding siress This rsealled ihe ~bruee eiieei- ailer llw experimenbevr who diseovered u, and unis eiieei may apply equafly well ea people Yet in almosr all miss, one eaii see people eramrrred inio iHo sioiey oihee buildings wnh no opening windows and only a single arrsiream- sire designing needs no! a speeialin approaeh, bui raiher a muhx—d' - linary and blcpsocinl approaelr Hm rakes Into aeeouni the dim the envrronmeni has on us iniended oeeupanss Perhaps is we assembled all our eonsiderable, diverse, and effective knowledge oi both ihe pans and ihe whole order oi design inio a rype oi eoorpucer search or gameplaying programme, we rnlghi ad- vanee the wnole design proeess as a realm oi eononumg and addinve nunran knowledge, available to everyone. siren pnrgranimes could deal wrih a gieai deal oi ihe hissy deeari ihai now slows deflslkfimn plani lisi speeilieaeions io honre eonsirueiion delallsileavlng ihe designer wrih ihose imponderaoles aoour ihe proeesses observed on lhe land, lhe likely oerids a! lunire soeredes, hrnire needs, and a measure ol human saiislaodon in elaboraung run some oi ihe basre approaehes In design, wiinoui ineludurg speaalisi scluuons. I wani io riress ihai all me approaches ouilined are noi only useiul, our necessary Only by some sensible