lheless oeeur logelher over rhelr range clpser easminarion or such lnlned assemblies olren reveals a sel or mulual benellls lhal arise hold such (unvmal rugerherners These benebrs oller help or pruleerlon ho lhe whole assembly las when one blrd speeles are. as ‘lookoul' lorarlalller, or delends rulers horn hawks). when we design planl gullds, as we always lry lodoln a polyrulnrre, we lry lo rrlaxlrnlse lhe berlerlrs nl eaeh speeles lu lhe amuse We ean alsa add laelars or lunvernerlee ill aurselves, llr wllleh save us rnpuls ol lemllser or pesllrldes, as lrl llle “appleeenrrud gulld deserlbed beluw A gulld, rhen. is all hal-lnunlous mbly ol spedes elusreaed around a eenlral elemenl lplanl m anlrrlall This mbly aels lrl relallon lo rlu elenlenl la alslsr irs heallh, aid Our work ln managemenr, or buller adverse envllonulenral erreels (see Figure ml Ler us llsrspmeallhe leasensloplaeesperies in aaeoeladon was Reduelng rool eolnpe l lon lrorrl le,g.l lavaslve 91555. almbsl all our rulllvared lead lleas lhrive in herbal ground novels, lllu grasses. . asslsling pesleonlllll ln various ways- _ by provldlng sari—leedanlr lblller or unpalalable browse or ehemleal delerrenlsl, eg nasnardum reels pruvlde mm eherrlleala lo lornaloes or gourebelrles whlrh deler whilelly Many planls, lermenled or in aqueous vxlflmull, deler pesls m ael as anlleleedanl. when sprayed on leaves ei lhe speeies we wlsh rd pruleer, — by kllllng raol paraaues or pledalors, e.g. clolalan‘a eaplures nemalodes lhal damage ellrus and solanaeeous roars. melts rrlarlgelds "lumlgalt" soils againsr gases and nerrlalodes — lly hosrlng predalors. as almosl all smallenowered planls iesperiallygulllara, many Amrll species, lamarlsk, Comparirae llhe dalsy lamllyl and ulnlrellr/erae sueh ar ll, lenrlel, earrol, and corranderl hesl rubber—shes and predalary wasps . Crlaling upen sell surlaee eondnlons, or providing nluleh For example, eamlrey and globe arllehokes allaw lree roars lo leed al lhe surlaee lunllka grasses, which eenlperes wllh nee mots), wlule spring bulbs ldallodllrl or wllllergruwn wlld alllun speeles, whose laps dle down ln uud—spnng do nol eumpele wllll deciduous lree more in summer dry per-lads, nor do lhey inlerrepr llghl rains - rrdvlding lree nuldenls. woody or herbaeelnls legumes llx nllrugerl nr plher eslenrial null-rears VI: rool amales, sllrrlulale soll barlerla er lurlgi, and benelil mauled Ina, Clowns, lrees sum as Aunl, Casurrlna, and Pullenaea; sug wpmvidlllg grasses lnlgar sane» and my. humus produeers (humus) au asslsr urehard rpeeles. Many ran be slashed er lrunuled lo give rlsh muleh below hm or belween avp rows . lhovrdmg physical rhelrer rloall lrosl, sunburn, or 60 lhe drylng eileels ul wlnd, Many hardy wlndbreak speeles or equal or grearer helghr, bolh as edge wlndbreak ar lneerop rrown rover eaelude rrasl, nulllly sally Or her wlnds, provlde mulch, and moderale lhe envlronmerll lowards prureerlng our seleeled speeies Examples are borders pl bamboo, rm: grasses, Cnyuanml, hardy palms, and lamar‘ssks ln-elop shade sheller 0| legumes are needed by suell erups as avoeadu, eirrua, and eoeoa or eallee (or any erbps needlng parllal shadel ln-srdp lrees earl ellmlnale lrosl ellerrs ln rnarglnal Imsl areas mm: - Cullnary associws‘ ll ls 0! some small benelll ln dmlled planrung lo keep eomman eulinary asseeaales lugelher llomaloes wi|h parsley and basil, pelaloes wiih a ml; or mlnll so lhal we also galher lhem lpgelher lor making, salads, or proeesslng (dill wllh eueumbersl. Thus we reduee work. Dill and apples also go well logelller, nw m rooked, rrld dlll u one or lhe unrelll/erae lhal hosl predalory wasps below apple lrees W We have made relererlee, lrl pesl eonnol, lo hosl planls These can be besl spaeliled by observing, researehlng, er seleelng planls lp hosl qulle speellle predalory wasps, laeewrnps, er ladylnlds Venebrales lhal asslsl mu seleded crop spedes are: - Gmnd ldragers, e g plgs er poullry speemeally used lo rlear up lhe lallen lrllll lhal hosl lrull rly er larval ronns of pesrs Foragers an be run in alellards lor lhal lelalrvely shrlrr period or lhe year when lrull ls lalling and romng, or llley earl be used lb ear releel lrull and depesll manures, . lnleellvpres- blrds, ln parrleular, lhal sealeh bark erenees lwoodperkers, llaneyalelsl kn resllrlg larvae and egg masses. re erleeurage rhese, planl a very lew seauered llowenng shrubs and herbareaus planla aueh as Kmpha/m Banldm, salvnl. Eliddlrla. and rllsrllnr All ul lhese provlde lrlserl and neelar louds lrll insesllvardusbnds . Molluleeenllol shallsand slugs are alrnrlsl lelally conllolled by a duek flock on range, and several large llurds (Tulane appl also reed prlrnarlly on snails Dueks earl be ranged seasonally (aulumn lo spring) ln planl lyelerrla, and ln summer pn malshlands, Dude will ear seedlings 59 mm approprlale sehedullng is essennal . Guard dogs lor deer, rablnrs, and olher venebnle pesls a small number 0! guard dogs, led and kennelled ln arellards, are sullleienl eanlrel lor loll paedarlan on errhard poullry luragers Such dogs, reared wllh domeslle poulrry, do run allaek lhe lloeks lhemselves, . l-lawk idles suspended over a berry crop, or lllllvn as llglll model planes over an enlensrve gram erop derer all illxkdrird pledalms ul lhe nap, and are more dependable lharl nalural hawks. They need lb be lemuvzd when nul needed, so lhal blrds drl nol gel