ln sandy loanu nlay gradually evolve lo .eduee waler
losses. Lang unempaeled eanals, Mwevu, need good
day bases ro prwem wikr lass In lransll, allhongh
seepages ale nol neeessanly losr lo pmduchan ll land
(mp and ereesran oeplanred Io ulrllse seepage waler

ll |§ or greal \alul- lo eluadale rne uses of ponds llonl
very small lo eolnlnerelal sues, as a plopolllarl ol very
small ponds have valuable uses ln mane gildeni and
lordolnesne lood supply ln bum urban and rural nus.
wnar we are |ilkmg alnnu here, In general palrern
lernls, ls rheenlrrnlsoe, and lnelelare aypxnpnak use

and; lawn I e mguimmem
Very slnall garden pondrol [mm 2 la menl deep an be

lnade lmm old hams, sroolr warenng tanks. plasl' e
llned nales vfllh pmreenve rlay or earrn covers, and s.
on. Pre-easl ponds .n plaslle, lllsreglass, and eanerere
«we sold ln lnnsl areas

ln shallow ponds, cnlnese waler onesrnur lsleorllarls
ulllrlsl. kangkang [lymmoe‘a nqlmllrn). walereress
lksrlnnn anslnrlnlnll Ilqlmlnu), laro \Cnloa‘nsm
(snlhlmls‘l, frogs. and small llsn lhrlve Frags an
exeellenl mud-films .n rlle gal-den (as are lluldsl. and
Hyhd lneel INVES Inhabfl lne leaves nl plarus, leedlng un
lnseers by day snd rngnl.

A square lnelle ul lalo swam-.10 xe olsmxhy lood,
wlnle deeper pnnds wrll grow lndlan warer elneslnlrr
lmnn nulansl, \mus lerumnal, and armwhead
lsaplllnrla» Bolled laro, l-assarn, or plarunln can lae
added lo curl laod Slocksol srnall Image lull lor larger
ponds can be kep| lrl nouse ponds. rogerner wllla
mussels and uselul lnnllusrs. basic planl sllxrs, and
(hnmp

Al lll square lnelres, nnd mm 2 rn deep, eleal mm
glass or Kalwallm ponds, as used ar me New Akhemy
lns|l|ule(NA17Capr Cod, USA), produce ml. and
produels valued al norn sl so m w per squm lool
mm and anlorllse eosls ln :Ls years. yleldmg llsn,
slnmnp,and enrlenad unrerzorseln hydroponltrmys,
Inese ponds pmvlde uselul near smrages lor nlrnl and
Muller healing, and ean be used .n greenhouses, or

ouldooas lor lnucll ol ule ylzx. culdoor ponds al rlre
NA! are plaeed ln llonl ol relleulve lwnlle) walls on
wnlle gavels la lrlarlnnse solar lrlpur, increase yields
and lengrllen seasons al gmwlh Th: Rodnle
oreamsannn lrl lne USA has also made exlfilslvl eruls
on small rank pmdumon ol llsn

ln elassllouses, suen pands glue good ylelds and
maderare relnperarure erlrelnes, whlk providing
Ilglhnlch walels lor renesrrlal planr beds, so llul fish
wasles land nlrralesl ale leduced ln rne wares and
rouled lo planls

ll nas lung been clear anal lnere ls a ouslneas opening
for flandil-dsud ponds, :quipmulL and Ilsll slodns
fwrdomesm‘ pond eulrule ms lsa lleld ln wnlell lnele
are zew suppllera (and lnosl of these mve mneenlraled
on decnnfive plnnrsl l erpeer am we will see
produelrve pond kn: lur home owners .n llne near
lurure, Subsldury uses are as waler alones lar nae, rank
supplles lor gardens ln dvy perlods, pmducllve
dlsposal ayslelns lor lood wasles led ra olnnlvololrs
asll, and sauna: o4 reeleanonal lnlelesr am. as aquard
nuns lrasll lanlo are very pearernl m eonnelnplale and
are .eeolrnnended iur workanolles as a mhxmg hobby)

 

Fondsnom ll) - g1 guare lru-raes
Pundsnl llns sme are vz‘ry userul lo rear fish lry [or sale
M sllxking, breed longs llan, pmduu large quannnes
ul vegetable emp, supply aquaeullure nursenes and
aquarlurrls wllh planr and animal slmk. and lo emit
slgnlhcam (luvbreaks, waler ruzrves. and near
moderanon One speelal pnnd or rln‘la slre earl supply
nouse neallng and hat waler lllle solar pond» ear. lle
buill nrsr la neal a larger pond

m a lalnlly, an inknswelyrmlaniged rlsn pond a!
mu square lrrelres comes close ru pmwdmg a lull
pnaleln and vzgehble resonicr .r earelully desxgned
and snn-ked, and ll a lsenellrlal polyeullure ls mink
lalned Aeranon Via a phalavolml: eell and an purnp
may oe neeessary cor nlgn yrelds. our llle anodesl ylelldi
ol zoo—won kg 0! ploreln lllal cln ue reallsnrally
expected are a gxgnifianl eonrrloullon la lood

 

 

m
IE
E
m
I“!
m
in:
n
lam
“wrap cw WW u-aow
FIGURE ".12
POND WALlS

wnale clay .s m snarl suoory a lampeu clay cum" on. l5 an
aeonomnalsaalarlorpondwalls

 

    

Ame u vlp

 

 

473