roral mp yields, rneher inan dedueis [mm ihenr in gene-ah we would gain in pop 57 pashiie yield using riiuogen fixing and bmedibk shehereeiis species, and lone uvp yield by using high werer—dernend, non. ieguuunoiis, and inedilile shdreroell ipxizi However, where we experierroe revere wa ur deeri winds, which grearly reduee all yields, we iniiar aelea sakrresihnm er sandrblastrleslslam wlndbruk nu inaxner whai ihe inieirisie yields oi ehe sheireroelr. ii is rare lor iea-Ironl nee- lo hear eneerively leg. ihe nuier «5 rows nl eoeonurs on Exposed islands yield lirlle map), so rhae oneroe m‘ honuine seaeeasi planis hrr seed or lriul yields is oilen irrelevnni when epnsidering speeieslorrnuldple film, For noisied uees, or ones whose ampy Ims above she general loreri level wind nl even low speeds nray inerease ihe lranrplraiiori rnle, aorneliniea doubling warer use. The {find ugreaiesr on walenlovrng plania, and iriueh less or. dry/adapted speeies which have impermeable lerl mode and good eonuol M woman, or a edver olsplnes and hares Ha, dry wrndi, and winds laden wiih sail have ihe rnoar damaging eheer on pirnr yields (lie-we, aniinal yields), alrhough at high wind ipeedi ineehnnienl danrage ran oeeur, whreh preyenis or reduces yields no iriarier wnai ihe hurnidiiy or sah eonreni oi ihe winds. Damaged map plums such as eorn or ban-nus suiier phorosyneihie inelhrirney ranging horn 20-357. when ihe leal lrnirnae are iurn or lrayed, or ihe ribs are bluken (Chang, weal rlarirs show dillerenr resisrnnees lo wind dnrriage - wind lolrrenl (and wind-lasi) These are ihe rriany shori or ereeping planrs ar ihe boundary layer ol shll air near ihe ground, or lire hunkhne planrs el sea (oasis. eg. Cerosliurn, Amuwn'a heierophylls Yields are lliile alieeied by snong winds ~ Exyuslur Ioltmnl, e.g, barley, some Brassl‘as, Casuaririii and Cvpmsma repens Yield: are redueed in slrong winds, our dry riialrer yield is less alleered lhan in windeereriive planis . wind sensiine. These are ihe niany unporrani erups * § § ii lg § 2 it ¥ 5 § . ei. new at; FIEHIE 5.11 WAVER USE AND wuw PRODUCED "I: mm ol hrouuow insruse yields on burl ilurs our mulls! my use such as eiirus, avoerdo, iriwrlruir.vines, inany deeiduous hulls. eorn, rue-r cane, and blnims aoeh plane helyu and yields rapidly decrease wlrh inneases in wind speed Fur ihese species, very irrrensive ihelierlreii sysienia are mnfli]. l-roplenir arise when ihe planrs used lor snelierlreli leg puplar) are iheinseives heavy wale'reuu speeiea wirh invasive roora. An annual rode—eurring or rrp—hne niay ire necesary along rueh windoiealis re penrul ihe nop sheliered is ooiain sunieieni waier, but ii is pier in ehoose uioresuiraole spedes in llie hisipiaee, H - i ihe herein and densiiy, or peneuaoihiy, ol windineaii irees are ihe erieieal shelrer—elieol laeiors sirrne rotlfigumlimis ol windireli rnay causes hoskpoekets in develop in ene sirll air oi shelrered hollows, PERMEABILITY ii an iinporranr lneior ii we wanr lo reduce (mil nsk or lo exeend ihe wlndbreak elleer lrigure 5.16) Briefly, we need windorealrs spread ai no mm mm m runes rhe hedgerow heighr in any severe wind. in ihe esralrlishrnenr oi wind—sensilive lree crop we may reruaiiy need eeniinuous linieiplanil windhreak Th1 lengih el windhmk needs in he gamer ihan ihe lengih or ihe held proieded, as wind runnels nrnund die end ulwindlamuin a regular now paiiern, Windmik Cengguraiions in general, speeies ehnsen lor windereak should per-nil 40-70% ol ihe wind ihrorigli. whreh prevenrs ihe lonnairon at a hirhuleni wind ovenuin nii ihe leeward side. Windhuk neighr is ideally onehhh el ihe spare heiween windbreaksbul is siill eneerrve lor low crop ri oneihrriieih ol lhe inlerspree sensiiile mnl’lgnrirlans are shown in figure 5. 1 NM: ihai seine wind siielier sysienis are placed lhmughoul or wiihui lire rrnp or (mil area A Dense wllmbrmk will. hare riern area bdaw. Elleers, good summer eool shade lor liveslocle poor lo useless winier sneiier. clunrps oi sueh irees on knolls allow aniinalr lo escape heal, and dies and rnosuunoes are rnueh iedueed. W Cums“, piriris, Casuamia n Alierriaie lug—ergl pianiing or very permeable irees, gums: good ‘lruru-line“ serironi sysierns m redure sail burn and provide shelrer (or more dense ireee on islands and coasls giggles Amucnnn, pines, Casuarl‘m c, Compound vnndlrreal or high densiiy mm» The bear pmledion lor eroding heeehes, lining ihe wind sniodrhly over ihe her-4h berrn nnd napping sand, Also eheeiive in dusksml’m areas as a dual luv» 5%. Ground Connuluulus, Phyla lLippiul, Mrstmbrye sniieniurn Low shrubs erhiuni uiiueiiim, worrnweod, shrubs» Cupmsma rems Trees Lytlum. Cedrus, ciinresslis, soine planrs 127