iheiemarnder in zxmmve iields olup rem ha erraled by modern growers, wirh all lhe rnenieienres rhrr monrulrures enrail. Wild rice has been brought inro enlrure wirhin the lrri so years, and seleeiion is now is in; place. ii is ihereloie one el she mosl receni grains lobe developed, bur one peeuliarly soiled lo sold swamps and shallows wiih iniense summer hear The uriym] rnlrure was lor duck ilyway lwildlile) seed, and wild ducks harvesl peelraps m oi ihe iolal produerion, as ihe seed i-iperis slowly rruer “weeks. Mecharueal harvesl garners only lhai seed which is ripe ar harveri. Thus, while commersial yields are low lonly small kg/Ilil, prices are high lal sla kg in law, so lhar nelds ol loo heslares or so give a cash rerurn ol up so Slmm annually in rice alone. wildlowl, in dabbling lhe lallen seed in lields, help ihin uni seed whieh will eerminare alrer a winrer srraiineahon, ihe plans crowd rl nol so ihinned, ideal spaflng is m x 35 em, and lor small plos, wirh seleeied heads, yield ran be zoo—soc g/hnd, obviously. ine problem wilh yield is nor in she plani, bur in ihe needle harvesi as one nine, mechanirally Homeplors, eaehered over 34 weeks, are in laer very produaive, and only zineaw plans should supply a lamlly ii well mred (or. A srraieey used by lndrans so save ihe arain lrom predaiion and shinning is in bundle and lie lb-zu heads rogelner, and lo unrie ihem periodicifly lor rhieshing inio canoes, seed rs saved lrom saleded planrs and held nver winier in bags under warer ln ihe Ky lakes, or in warer in mirigeralms ai sovr lr is sown in spring in lields Hooded lo aboui lHn cm deep, and harvesled irom mxdsaulumn. The rrelds are dried oui (or 24 weeks beloie marhme harvesling, and musi be resled or sown lo anorher rrop ro rlean lhe gmund il a new eulrivar is no be uurodueed, as sellsseedilg ouierwise perpenrales rhe i-rrsisown varieay. ln lne large lields and deep margin diiehes ul Minnesora, a sellsgeneraled polyeulrure ol erayllsh lilomarusl, mink beaver, and lhousands ol walerlowl has evolved wilh ihe wild rise :uhum. Coyore also Huge lhe bunds, and prokrais srore much ol ihe seed ihe craylish live in diiehes and browse sin in inro lne erop, causing some damage, bul as hey are iheinselves a pmennal crop, or a lood lor mink, ihis is iolerared Duck poiaio (Sliglllnml! ran beeome a weed ol ihe sysiem. bur rhis is also a warerlowl lood and prelers somewhal deeper warer ihan the rice planl, or can be removed by culrure or hand wrcdmg il neeearary. There is an obvious porenlial lor roldwaier fish—rearing in rhe canals and diishss ol lhe sysrem lspeeios such as hour and bullheadsl, nol as ytt developed. Manur'in; by AMI/n is mu prasliced, and ihe fields are resred dry in wrnler An lnlrlguing poieniial is she propensiiy nl rrie paokrarr iu carry and sroie large ouannnes ol sound, cleaned gram inro arlihuil snelrers llrke engine maniluldsl, insulared and pluggtd by 1pr (mmhunglr cairaili soed silk. Narrow holds and a sel ol sue» arrilisal srorage sires may well be ihe besi way lo haryem, and binding paelrrau eould be supplied wish aliernarrve lood lor llre wrnier, or allowed lo keep IS'lr ol iheir slons hall They may well be ihe mosi Elfirlenlr as well as she cleanser, harvesrers lor ihe any, and (all scrrrely do worse lhrn ihe slum kg (or less man ml gathered by machines casting $300,000 or mow bill Maekenlly ipers. commi uses grey squirrels |u rolleel hickory mils and was in ihis way, and provides slum wilh buried pipes ro sroie ihe rims He leaves rhem aboul ISWu oi ihe harvesi Duck lanz‘ning. craylish harvesl, mussel meals, lish praduriion, and vine crop ol hops nr silverberries Mnmmm Ilrxullfl are nbvious supplemenlrry produrrs lo ihe crop, rnd could be viable assessory sysloms, rogeiher wrlh iesrricied lur pnrduclran, same speeral lnresiry, and rerreaiional fishing or iour polennal I have allempied lo pornay some ol ihis eornplerily in more luv, and arknawkdge my debi lo lne pioneer powers Huhen and Leonard laeobson nl aiiken, Minnesola, who kindly supplied me wl|h dara land some wild rice m eai> A small ierrase or pond ol wild nee should be ihe aim ol every home gardener who ran obiain seed and who enyoys a nurnrurus grain, as mosr American: do. For wildliie lesperial waterlowh Rinses, iherersno berreraurumn ladder mo CULTURE iciiloessia eseulenlal Hawaii, sublropics lo rmpies, and mokr lmhlm areas l admn m a weak spnr lor iaro lields and xerrases, especially lhose oi ihe nadiiinnal Hawaiian euliure Taro is an heroreeous perennial lo I m high wilh Large arrow—like leaves and a swollen siem base or ruber whuh can reach m kg, buns normally markeied ai I kg or so, alier an H; memh gmwlng period lihere is no “on season- in she subliopiesl. 1here were some lran Hawaiian varieiies, and perhaps loll or so are srill preserved. is is a siaple iood in Hawaii and some orher parls or Pulyncsn and soulheasi Ash, where rice or breadlrurr arealsn slaples Grown as a monoeulruie plani Iar eenrunes, ihe reeenr aeridenlal or deliberaie iniroducrion 0| Amflu, mama, fish, rraylish, and Chinese edible coiled gaitmpod snails have diversrlied rhe wei terrace eulrures. alllrougn ihe Hawaiians lradilionally rear loeal hsh and prawn species in {M pends Taro is propagaled by small side rubers nr more roou-nonly by a curring based on a crown dlse ol aboul i sin lhick, and ihe lower IR em or srerlk mm ihe old ruber ai harvesl Cumngs have ihe leaves removed by a slam erri yusr above llre iirsr leal node There are special virieries lorboilrna, baking, lerinenr lo pm, or Mhng as gm leal spinach (lulu rarol. A“ rare musi be cooked due lo ihe s using eryslals o1 omlie acid in ihe leaves lwhieh ean gmsqy irrirair ihe bare back ol norei-lawanans like mysell, neaunouslv rarrymg high nliubers in ihis wayl There has always been a lish cullure hadnion wirh 5m