Files
memex/0_inbox/books/PDM/Bill Mollison - Permaculture A Designer's Manual text/030.txt

148 lines
5.5 KiB
Plaintext
Raw Blame History

This file contains ambiguous Unicode characters
This file contains Unicode characters that might be confused with other characters. If you think that this is intentional, you can safely ignore this warning. Use the Escape button to reveal them.
,raln legames, so lhal muell ol WM eaien in lhe
Wesi is grown in areas when real lairl ne lhreaiens
lmung beans lroin lndla, ell k peas lrom Eihiopla,
soya beans lrom Nora and lndial
old larmeis and my own gmhgrdndhihu llad a
saying ihal beais some considerallon This was We
will sell nolllmg irdm our larm line will nor walk rir llv
oll. ln elleer, llle lal-mer was concerned lo sell only
animals, never ciops or vegeialion, beeause ll llle larm
war lo survive wilhoul massive eneigy inpues, animals
were lhe only lradllional reeycling slralegy lor a
suslalnable erporl merkel
Wllol does all lhls mean lo eoneerned and lespons
ible people in ierrns ol llleir diel and lood llablls, Wflh
iespeel lo a suaiainable nanlial syslem'!
l Vegelarian dlmH/E very ellidenl, pvmvldmg
- They are based on easily cooked or easily
pioeesied crop grown in humcxmims:
. Tha| wasles, especially body waskiy are
ieiurned loshesollollhalgaid , nd
- me we eal lrorn wbeie we live, and do nol
exploilodlusur inn" large o—ansporl eosli.
2 Omrlivoious dieis lany sorl ol lood) make llle besl
use oi sampler mlvml sysrrms, lllai we should ear nom
whal is edible, al any level iexrepl lor ollier people in
irloslcoeuolslanees, and under mosl laws!)
3 Primarily amlvomus dieis have a valid place in
special «alogiasl such as aieals ol culd, wllere garden.
ing eannol be a suiiielenl lood base, in aieas wlnere
people gaiher lrom llle sea; where harsh condinons
mean reliance on animals as galheiers, and where
animals can use olhuwisecwasle producls, such as
vegelable lrimmlngs, scraps, or utmcd er apolll vege
lalion
4 We should always do our energy budgels
Whalever we eal. ll we do nol grow any or our own
lood, and overuse a flush loilei (sending our wasles lo
seal we have losl llle esunfidl soil and nulrienls
needed iorasuslalnable llle cycle,
While a nopical gardener can be very emclenl and
responsible by developing lrliil and vegeiable coop
whicll needs very lllrle cooking sensible omnivol-lsm is
a good choice lor lliose wilh access lo semlenalural
svsleins. clly people using sewers would be beller
advised lo adope a lieHange meal diel lhan le eal
graln and gram legumes Hzfler slill, all clly wasle
should be munwd lo lhe soils ol ihelr supply lel-ms,
Even in our gaiden vve need lo eoneenlrale on cycles
and mules ralher lhan iliink in pyramids, simpllsdr
analyris ell llvphk levels lalls lo nole lhal some food
reaoliices aie unusable by people, eilller because lhe
energy needed in processing II loo mush lslnce some
psoducls ol nalure are poisonous or unpalalable
ioodsl or because llle iesollrces ale loo sealleled lo
repay our colleeelon Such resources are oleen
harvesled inlo uselul packages by olller species
Herbie, llleolselves edible, ear poisonous loadiisli, and
goals will biowse rhoi-ily and biller shrubs Thus we
can speelly lhese lisellil eonveisions belore blindly
30
eliminaon a llle elemenlo/eny lype liorn ourdieis
wnile ll is manlleslly immoral lo ieed edible
Peruvian llsh |o hogs in llle usn, i| may be ol greal
value lo converl loresl acorns lunharvesled in lhe
usm lo hogs, and lei llle pl ehaids and anchovies leed
lhe hungry ufl'eru lwhicli lnrlsrdes illepei nsvl
the lrophie pyramid ls valid enough as a coneepnial
model, lor we can see llial poisons al llle base
concenlrale ill ibe lop, ln laei, ihe highesl level or some
radiaaclives and um mauled are loond in mothers'
milk We can see lhal lhe generalised or omnivorous
lnoneelecllvel leeder is buliered liom ralarirophle
lamlne by a complex web ol rioplilc mnnefllons, so
lhal some losses and some gains accrue in people,
being generally omnivorous.
ln snon, people need lo discard hxzd ideas, examine
lheir kllchen cupboards, and lry lo reduce iood
imporls, wasle, and energy loss A lesponslble diel ia
nol easy lo achieve, bul lhe soluiloils he very close io
home. viva llle llolne gaidenerv
2r8
COMPLEXITY AND CONNECTIONS
were are ecologles on very llal and somewhai
invarianl silos llial in llle end simpllly, or are originally
simple because lllal condirion ileell la noi lypieal oi ilie
arm's crlasl. .usl as a lield, levelled, drained, and
lerllllsed lei a speeille eiop will nol supporl lliespeeies
lllal ll onee when ll varied in miero—elevalion,
drainage, and planl compleairlee Oiher simple natural
eeologies occur where rapid change can occur lsea
eoaslsl, or where we deliberalely me or ploogll on a
regular basis, so illal llieie is never enough lime lor a
diveise sysielrl lo esiablisll,
Marshes, swamps, lidal llals, sallepans, and level
deseris supporl less divelsliy ilian adp g hill and
valley syslenls, bol neveilheless in sum lil speeies are
assembled lrnm global envlionmenis or lrom similar
elrmalie aieasl are sllu very lien, and, in llle case ol
mangrove and lidal marsh, exiremely produciive
ecologles
ll is nol lhal a single sland ol one mangiove species
is llsell so diveise, ii is llle mobile species working al
dilleienl siages oi deeomposillon ol ihe mangrove leai.
Each ollhese species in mm leedsollleis,
Thus, very simple planl assoeiallons may suppori
very produelive and complex anlmel essoelallons.
Mobile species ane capable ol oeolpymg a gen van-
ely ul niches in one mangrove lree or swamp srand,
5mm underground lo canopy, and ol schedules hum
low lo lirgli ode Time and space are needed lo! lree
species 50 evolve a complex sland in such slluailons,
and as lbcy ale olien obllleraled and mesmblislud by
a wmldcwxde change due lo a sea level nucllaallon.
relalivelv lillle lime can be allowed lor mangrove
species lo lliemselves develop and colonlse ihe new,