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aed berries or edible lruns
ii is rare lor hee eanopies air dry saliwurd eoasls |0
sun mm lhan as ein herehi in l in wrdlh lls inches in
3 1m), so eonsrderahle w lh musr be five" le pruneer
wmdbmaks in lhese s ualrans, unless ihhse hardy
prarreers sudl as ihe Norlulk islahd pines ean be nursed
iu gmw la windward. However, as lhis slaw ellmh iu
heiphi cemmenees lrern xmlmd leirl i lenre, building,
earlh bank, or harrier glvgs ii a grear slarr lur lar less
spread ("glue 54le
Ever. a 4662 (In LIE-24 meirl high lenee- or mound
eanh will gmw a sweel palale, slrawherry, or eablsage
rn lhe lee, while haidrpmned eanapies rreed na| be
harm, as many dwarl lruil, wine, and newer erops will
yaw below lhese ll mulch and waler Irv pmvlded ln
wmdlinrah loresis near eoasis. small openings oi H in
120.30 leell provide garden sheller and edmil lighl,
lheie , rr leer, a speeial eharrn about lhese 3—3 5 m
Ule lee-l high dense eoasial shrubbeiies in which
nesile srnall shacks, through which wander sandy
paihs, and in whlch peaple ereaie smill paiehes ol
seallered garden uslng wasiewaler arid muleh Ont:
shaped, lruil lrees in rhis siluahon seldom need
pruning, and al limes ane wonders inhe wind is nal ah
adyarrlape in ihai ii lumes mmpid and eaielul work,
punishes arrelessrress, and promoles wasiewaler use
Atlas: lhe whole oi lhe riallrsh peninsula ol
Kalaupapa on Mnlokal. lhe Hawaiians had bum liny
sione lenees dl use em ulna rnrhesl hlgh arid only
l.&5 in lime leell apari, behind whleh lhey grew a
hasie sweekpmaw snip, aird m whreh yew leuph lern
ler muleh All are new ehandiined, hm an lhe seaward
eoasl, wild dale somehow slmgsles lo d 5 in us leeli ur
so in lhe reelh oi lhe hadewinds. arid would have made
ndbkak had lhe Hawaiians relarned rheir
land lg l luurrsnr and gvallers lusi lo windward.
lhe slmng winds urine so much sail spray ashore ihai rl
rryslalizes em in pinkish ponds, mired lnmolably will.
lhe red iii lhe yolranre earlh an e ch rl lerrns Even
ioday, ii is galhered as 'Hdwallan sail", and is hirlher
mixed wilh lhe reasled kukui nui and chilies ior a
delinous nwAlsh eundrmeni
gme seeelllsm fipgllgmrll
l slelirrbdliv/yerlsanlrnrisedesien For glued areas arid
hul waler lilal plaiel eelleslurs. wind ehill laclers
remove an al heal alone Shellerbclt lineludins ihiek
yirre liellrsi around a house an elleei a mum savmg
in hearing luels m moderare lo severe wirilers Thus, in
mid areas earihharrlrs plus shellerbell, and a sunrlaung
aspeel, is a eruiral drslgn slralegy ln deserls, where
adveded lwind-earriedi heal is lhe mm! severe elleel
on humarr eumhrrl, shellrrheli lrees serve ilr reduee
greurrdleruperaluresuplol c
1 E/fl'ni ri/ (rpmun' or. lr she-l inwards wlll kill
lryeslock and newborn lamhs, and even hardy and
adaplml animals ran lose and iii iheir liodweighi in 3
days of olrmrd As well as sliellerisells in lields, We
need [n he yery earl-lul llr design lenees so ihal lhep drr
nol luxm downwind or dewnslepe lraps, as herds
eseaplng bilaaards Wlll pill» up agarnsi lhem and
smalher in leneed earners All moorland and hrph
plaleau lenees should illlnw easy ddwrrwirrd eseape lo
woodlois, shelleiod valleys, er lewereley runs
in less seiere rdndrliuns, sheep weiirhl in unsheliered
lields in New zealand is m less lhan lhal ul shellend
areas Aushalla ailrrliuies m ul all larnls losses lo
Wind shill laelrrrs, and issues regular wind ehill
warnings al shearing lime lo preyenl aduli sheep loss
Callie led wirrier raliuiis uh exposed siles will eai
lli-s less ol ihis laud, srr lhai wirrler hay and
eeireerilraies need 10 be led eul in shelier lur animals iii
obtain lull henelii aulh hear and Add have similar
elledsml weighl gain, and shellereeli I one pl lhe musl
elleeliye ways of inrreasing liyesleek pniduelran, and
eunseryinr raliarrs 11“:an dzslgnlng ler IlveSkKk,
lenees, shelier, assess lo sheller. and leedlng and
waidrirrg purnls all need sensible plaeemenl, so lhai
animals are rial exposed in exlreme lernperalures ln lhe
Impls and suhlrapirs, a ridge planhng ul pines or
Casirarrnas wilh a wlnd sip leli below lhe erowns
allerds belh shade and an indueed breeze lhal
diseouiagea llies arid mosqlmots Sueh ridges Irv also
rich muleh sources lar lower slopes
J ciuil earrslrurlren Snuwdnfl aeross highways is
more elleeliyely and permahenlly oloehed by hedgcmw
el hardy Camxrllm and sleepiius, wlueh are esiimaied |0
be 5m. cheaper ihari slum lenees, and ureaurse ouilasi
lhem Juniper in high rounlry aehially grows heller in
areas olsnaw drill lhelaw lhe sharp ridges whereslmw
larms eernreesl, and swales al sueh planes enable more
snow mell, lherelaie more available You! morsrure ler
lraes in spring and summer
wind shearon exposed highways eral rarayan parks
ean cause casualhes and properly damage. so lhal we
need lo desgn windlasl median slrrps and highway
shellerpell in areas ol knuwn hazard, bu| lepeeially lm
mounlarrr passes and near exposed masls sueieel lu
gales.
l shrill-r m and around rmplunils nrid urrlrards Fur
ereplands, a mairix ul shellerlseli species "Ha nr irr
hughl and 33756 in aparl lciisiiarirru, pupldr,
Maisudana willow, lrirrrmed euralypll alldrds wind
pmlzcliun lar sueh crops as klwllnm rirrd aroeado, arid
glvc lhe grealesl ruereasas yield while redurrng wind
damage lo lruil and leal For mslanrd, drrus eulled as
damaged issad iii lhe eiop in unshellered areas, versus
is see in shelierhell syslems, eollon yields are me
higher wiihin live limes lhe helghl ol lhe shellerbell,
and lall all in a 79% adraniage ai led iirrres lhe heighl
ol lhe hell
hllms al shelierbeli are (ompound, and inelude
more mellwaler lruni snow, rriueh groaler Iruil or sead
sel m Marpollmnred erop, lhe preseryallun ol good
shape in lhe lrees, henre less pmnlng Spenes seledion
ul shellerlaeh irees is esseniral. and a sol iii larlars ein
he lhe eriluria ihai assrsls lire larrn enlerprise shellered.
ihese rnrlude
. Nllrrnren lixriiuh or grind rnuleh pulenlial lmm
luv/cs arid lrrminiiips,
115