135 lines
5.6 KiB
Plaintext
135 lines
5.6 KiB
Plaintext
go ol ihe rniseoneeprrnn rhar n is agrreuliore looi
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individual and rnarker gardenrngl iliai wrll aerually
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provide rhe lurure lood we eal la eornrnon lallaeyl.
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lohn leavoris eanrnaies ion lhe basis olgardensl ihai we
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could rernr-n perhaps we ol land in he own purposes,
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Nix ihal l rhink lhai we will gel ihere rhis nexr decade,
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bui we can siarl, and our ehrldren ean ronllnne ihe
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proress, and so develop new luresir and wilderness lo
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explore. A reduenon or ihe «alaglal deserrs ihal we
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have ealled agrieulrure rs well overdue, as is a
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eoneornrrani reduelion rn rhe lwrn disasrors ol
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newspapers and paekagrng derived lrnni aneienr
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loresrs
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8,2
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SOIL AND HEALTH
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As long as we live, we will be drseoveruig new rhrngs
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aboui ilie sorl—planl-anunal relalioriship. Soils harbour
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and rransier borh diseases and anllbioi-les plans will
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iake up lrorn ihe soil inany rnodern ani is use
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lpenieillih, sulla drugsl, and we nirghl ihen ingesr
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lhern ai eonceniraied levels Animals will relarn
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residual anliblories lrhererore new and resisranl rlrains
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oi disease organisrnsl, and will eonlarri residual
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hormones and bioeides. Moms and anlrnals oiay
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eonoenirare, or nullilv, environrnenuil polluianls Mosi
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or rhese pollrrranis are in laei eoneeniraied by borh
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planis and animals, bur rlie degree ro whlch ihrs
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happens vanes berween speoes.
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Bnlh dangers and bene s arise lroin our lood
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Narural levels or soil ani ones may susrarn us, and
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nalural resisiance lo drsease is in greal parl Hausa
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rnriied lo us via lood, ll is eeriarnly ihe ease wrih
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viiarnins and iraee eleoienls rhai ihey oiarniarn lhe
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Iundxon ol rnany rneiabolro proeesses, in rninure bui
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neeessirousarnounis
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When people lived as inhabiianis or regions las
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niany snll dol lhey adapied w local soils, planis, and
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nubrrronal levels or «hey dred our Today, we bring rn
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global lood in global rnarkers, and so risk lhe global
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spread ol ”agrioolngenlr' liar-mused) diseases. Like
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he horns walfidink, ihe house garden represenls a
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luau'red and loealised risk uriderour eonhol, and ol llrile
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risk ro sorrery generally, l-ublre warer supplies and
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eornrneee-ial loods are a dillerenr nialier, disiribuied as
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ihey are lhroughoui inany rnodern soeieries
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in soil rehabiliulion. we are loreed ioslari Wlth wlisl
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is now iliere Only rarely have we a soil eonrairiing all
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rhe nuirieno a plani may need lo grow, Mosi gardeners
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and larrners who havz developed susiarruble sorl
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syrlerns allow 3—4 years lor building a garden, and
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545 years io reoiore a dovasraled sorl landseape. This
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applies only m lhe physfi] mlondon ol soils and lo
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ihe developmern ol approprrale plani sysierns. There
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are lar rnoae lengihy proeeaoas ro beunderlaken where
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pasl ehernioal polluiion has oeeurred.
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184
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THE POLLUTION or 50|L5 AND Whlbus
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Orchards, sugarcane areas, pineapple, canon, iobaeeo
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rrop, and banana planiarions lio narne iusi a law
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welleknown easesl have had surh an orgv ol rnrneral
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addrrrves, arsenieals, Aldrln, DDT, eopper sails, and
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dlaxlnb applied lhai even aller "5—20 years or no
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eherriieal use, a ser ol apple orchards in Wesi Ausrralia
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produees unsale levels ol Aldnn and Dieldnn in ihe
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eggs ol heerange ehiekens Ahernprs lo gm prawn.
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rn ponds on sueh lands have lailed on ilie basis ol
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residual Dieldrln levels in soils
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When we eorrie m assess lhe ioral environrnenrsl
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damage eaused by persisreni misuse ol ehernieals, we
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will land oiany larrris las well as bores and mad lhai
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vvlll need lo be pur inio lor nonelood produrlion las
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ruel lorears or srrueiural rirnberl lor decades ro eorne.
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nie sarne oiay already hold rrue lor soils mxmn mil rn
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ol roadways where leaded peirol is used land where
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mimic oars pass dallyl.
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We laee loekeup periods ol lens or ar rirnes
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ihousands ol years lor ilie ndlmllves blowing on, or
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leaking horn, wasre dnrnps and srraiegie slookplles of
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yelloweake Uranruni llowa, Kennreky, Rusara and ihe
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UK or France). or lrorn "accidenls" sueh as ihose
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oerirrring araiornie power planis, or horn iheir wasies
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Cadrniurn and manlum»pollulad soils ol :Mmitally»
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based and heavlly‘lerllllsed rnarkel gardens, wasie
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dnrnps ol lndushy, and rhe longeierni elleeis ol
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nilrareepolluied sorl walrus ran be added lo ihose liars
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ol alreadyelangeruus areas, Even now, applied heallh
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levels would elose down niany lnrrns and laeiories,
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and (as awareness risesl rhis will be done in he near
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lurure by publie dernand
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The eosis ol rehabilrranon las lor aeid rarnl already
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lar ouisrrip m: prolirs ol degradanon. and may in laei
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be prohibilive lor areas rhai were developed lor
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larnirng lroni isso lo (he presenr lihe age or
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agrieulrural polluironl
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Large unanrriies ol lead, arsenir, copper, and
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persisreni broades are applred on rnosi apple orehards
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Dara is available lor sorne rnelals lscos «i. Winier
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w, Copper and lead slay al or near rhe surlaee ol soils
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in high eoneenlralions Arsenre rnay also slay ar rhrs
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level in clay soils, or wash down lo subsoil (5040 m
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deepl in aeid sands. Leaching lrorn elays or mganic
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prohles ulna ernl is unlikely, alihough phosphare
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applieanon may dislodge arsenre in deeper levels in
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paahue planrs uruier sueh orehards, copper ran ieaeli
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so pprn lpoisonous in sheep), assess eopper in rhe dier
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eauses ioriaern e iaundiee lliver porsonrngl and blood
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in rhe urire. lreople rn Ausnahn deserls olien show
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high eopper blood levels and blood in urine.l
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Molybdenum. zine and sulphur inay buuer eopper
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upiake in sheep ai leasi; uprake by plarrir increases
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wirh rernperarure and aeidiry llor lead and eopperl, as
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lor vegerables Arsenic upiake rs nor relared roaridrry;
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silver beer lbwiss ehnrdl led wirh nirrogen lose high
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arsenie eoneenlradons, bur rnay iheri be unsurrable lor
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ehildren due lo high nliiaie levels,
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Several subsranees have now polluied soils. There
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