137 lines
5.1 KiB
Plaintext
137 lines
5.1 KiB
Plaintext
Then, we draw up a eceamon tnatrttt on a pieee ol
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paper, with the 'apple- store at the top and other
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trees" down the lelt side (Table m. Tally the seores by
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walkinghoin yard to yard
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We quiddy see that where there aie walnuts, apples
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are sielr or absent (tel However, healthy apple trees
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eoettist wlth both mulberries and duties («it and tool
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ldeally, we use a strrular seoie ior earl. sperier ol other
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tree to that our 59—: n results some the same
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ss-itena lot walnut, mulberry, and man ttrrt we more
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(unpple,
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Additronal lield notes aie uselul. l-lealthy, untended
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apple trees ohen have quite s speeihe understory ot
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spring bulbs, mmlwyr clover, ii-s, naaturtium, ete This
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too should be noted as wego I have, in last, earned
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out sueh snalyses, and some or the iesults will be used
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are real erasnple iii the netrt seen-on.
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bulmlNc uP GUILDS mom caAcnON
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ANALysls
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li we wish to eoiotruet a guild, then we need to being
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two or more species tnto elose proxiiruty where we ean
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rudge the em oi one on the other li we hsve a ti
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result anywhere, we might be able to intervene with .
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thud or lourth party whieh we can call an arbitrator, a
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butter, or an intervenor
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- Apple nest to walnut ptodtises l—st- not desirable,
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the apple sseltens or dies
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r Apple nettt to mulberry produees (sot: a good
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result.
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- Mulberry next to walnut produees tool mutual
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inaetion,
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Thus, apple then mulberry lltrri walnut gtyes us
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(ML By this interpentlori strategy, we hire, in eltmo
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saneelled out the (u) and have a netl bmrfil in a three
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three~specizs asray. That is, we ean use several
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two-species results to achieve a betterreault with three
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species, which goes beyond aeeepttng tta lsrtieallyt
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the primary mnllm Here, a mulberry ts Hm intertierior
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or eriheal spedes or element rn (vnflln sesolunon We
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can take this turther agatn by examintng yet other
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m—adions‘
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. Aroma next to walnut pm in»)
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. Adieu netrt to mulberry gives lott
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Now, aplenu|berryTAmrfix~walnm gives us (teat),
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whieh is mueh better again so we ptoreed to tsolattng
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and arranging guilds to mattimite benelits and
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eliminate eonlliets Tlus is part ol the skill or planning
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strip or zone plaeementt a! snured species
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THE nous or CONFIGURA’HONS IN GUILDS
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Here, we have to eonstder ploserrieril ol interaetive
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elements. obviously, these is a commonsense elose
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spaeirrg tor many plants and nrashtneeomponents, but
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as the distanee berwem lnrirtp eomponents widens, we
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ean never be quite sure thst ehernioal or behavtttural
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inteiaenon eeasea Constder the ease oi two tn-i-ttorial
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64
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birds, deplaying or mlhng a nule or more apart, To us,
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they appear as tndtviduals, to eaeh bird, the other u in
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elear tnteiaetion There is distant interaetton, too, vta
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pollen or spore ' plants, and perhaps even by
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gaseous or ehemteal "messenszrs' This is certainly
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true or some nrammalr, so that elteets ol one on the
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other ean be passed on by a tense ol srnell, even
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though they are not nearby at that time, e g urine
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mirkmg territory. The great whales may well be
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eomrnuniorung by sound around the whole globe.
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Configuration in planning r guild with intervening
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species between hostile () species, eoines tn assessing
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the distanrte most the tnteeietion boundary that the
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eileet ialres plate, and in then trranging the guild
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spedes to obtain a mixlmum ol (art, (no), or (out
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etteets Fm etrasnple, we tind a t») eondition with
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legume/grain or tniit—tsse/me legume inter-plants We
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ltnow that the :flxl, lot grains, extends tsoin l 5.2 in
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title the eiop; thus tor a eonitguiational design, we east
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tpiral or strip—plank these two speetes tor a total
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pasture edge inky-(Han (”at in onp Such oaretul guild
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analyses and sonligurations are the basis a! species
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plasuring tn posnaeulhaie.
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For more entteal geomett-ie analyses, see such texts as
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RolieA Leary-s inter-stunt Geometry An Ewlaglml
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perspeelnrr , usDA Forest Servtee, Gererrl Teehnrerl
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hepon N022, two Thistert has a usettil ieleienee list
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and is issued by theNorth Central Fans! apenmental
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Station, rulweu Ave,5t Paul, MN, isms, USA.
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EVOLUTION OF A SYSTEM
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Nature shows us thata mumzvu/ymmes arise ‘n the
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establishment oi "new' systems on sueh devastated
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landseapes as basalt llows and irerplaned or
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nood—swept sites. The tirrt living eomponents are
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hardy pioneer spears, whieh establish on these damaged
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at impoverished enylronrnents. Thus we see “weeds"
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(thirties, lanmu) oeeupytng overgrazed, eroded, or
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tired mas, These pioneer species assist the area try
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stabilising water Hm in the landstape, and later they
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give shelter, piortde muleh, or improve soil quallty tor
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their suesestors lthe huger-lenn torest or tree cmp
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spedesl.
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To enable a eultiyated system to evolve towards a
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longrberm stable state, we mn eonstruet a system oi
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mixed tree, shrub, and vegetable esop, utilrstng live
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stoelt to aet as loragers, and esrelully planning the
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succession pt plants and animals so thrt we ieeeive
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shone, mediunh, and longererrn benefits For esample,
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a loiest wi|l yiud hrst eoppiee, then pole timbers, and
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eventually honey, lruit, nuts, bark, and planlr timber as
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it evolves lsom a ploneer and young, or cmwded,
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plantation toa welt—spared mature stand ever a period
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ot l&50 years
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unltlte the proresses or nature, however, we ean
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