145 lines
4.7 KiB
Plaintext
145 lines
4.7 KiB
Plaintext
roral mp yields, rneher inan dedueis [mm ihenr in
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gene-ah we would gain in pop 57 pashiie yield using
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riiuogen fixing and bmedibk shehereeiis species,
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and lone uvp yield by using high werer—dernend, non.
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ieguuunoiis, and inedilile shdreroell ipxizi
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However, where we experierroe revere wa ur deeri
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winds, which grearly reduee all yields, we iniiar aelea
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sakrresihnm er sandrblastrleslslam wlndbruk nu
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inaxner whai ihe inieirisie yields oi ehe sheireroelr. ii is
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rare lor iea-Ironl nee- lo hear eneerively leg. ihe nuier
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«5 rows nl eoeonurs on Exposed islands yield lirlle
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map), so rhae oneroe m‘ honuine seaeeasi planis hrr seed
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or lriul yields is oilen irrelevnni when epnsidering
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speeieslorrnuldple film,
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For noisied uees, or ones whose ampy Ims above
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she general loreri level wind nl even low speeds nray
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inerease ihe lranrplraiiori rnle, aorneliniea doubling
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warer use. The {find ugreaiesr on walenlovrng plania,
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and iriueh less or. dry/adapted speeies which have
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impermeable lerl mode and good eonuol M woman,
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or a edver olsplnes and hares
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Ha, dry wrndi, and winds laden wiih sail have ihe
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rnoar damaging eheer on pirnr yields (lie-we, aniinal
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yields), alrhough at high wind ipeedi ineehnnienl
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danrage ran oeeur, whreh preyenis or reduces yields no
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iriarier wnai ihe hurnidiiy or sah eonreni oi ihe winds.
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Damaged map plums such as eorn or ban-nus suiier
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phorosyneihie inelhrirney ranging horn 20-357. when
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ihe leal lrnirnae are iurn or lrayed, or ihe ribs are
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bluken (Chang, weal
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rlarirs show dillerenr resisrnnees lo wind dnrriage
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- wind lolrrenl (and wind-lasi) These are ihe rriany
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shori or ereeping planrs ar ihe boundary layer ol shll air
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near ihe ground, or lire hunkhne planrs el sea (oasis.
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eg. Cerosliurn, Amuwn'a heierophylls Yields are lliile
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alieeied by snong winds
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~ Exyuslur Ioltmnl, e.g, barley, some Brassl‘as,
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Casuaririii and Cvpmsma repens Yield: are redueed in
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slrong winds, our dry riialrer yield is less alleered lhan
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in windeereriive planis
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. wind sensiine. These are ihe niany unporrani erups
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* §
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§ ii
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lg §
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2 it
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¥
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5 §
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. ei. new
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at;
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FIEHIE 5.11
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WAVER USE AND wuw PRODUCED
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"I: mm ol hrouuow insruse yields on burl ilurs our mulls!
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my use
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such as eiirus, avoerdo, iriwrlruir.vines, inany
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deeiduous hulls. eorn, rue-r cane, and blnims aoeh
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plane helyu and yields rapidly decrease wlrh inneases
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in wind speed Fur ihese species, very irrrensive
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ihelierlreii sysienia are mnfli].
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l-roplenir arise when ihe planrs used lor snelierlreli
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leg puplar) are iheinseives heavy wale'reuu speeiea
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wirh invasive roora. An annual rode—eurring or rrp—hne
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niay ire necesary along rueh windoiealis re penrul ihe
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nop sheliered is ooiain sunieieni waier, but ii is pier in
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ehoose uioresuiraole spedes in llie hisipiaee,
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H - i
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ihe herein and densiiy, or peneuaoihiy, ol windineaii
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irees are ihe erieieal shelrer—elieol laeiors sirrne
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rotlfigumlimis ol windireli rnay causes hoskpoekets in
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develop in ene sirll air oi shelrered hollows,
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PERMEABILITY ii an iinporranr lneior ii we wanr lo
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reduce (mil nsk or lo exeend ihe wlndbreak elleer
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lrigure 5.16)
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Briefly, we need windorealrs spread ai no mm mm m
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runes rhe hedgerow heighr in any severe wind. in ihe
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esralrlishrnenr oi wind—sensilive lree crop we may
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reruaiiy need eeniinuous linieiplanil windhreak Th1
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lengih el windhmk needs in he gamer ihan ihe lengih
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or ihe held proieded, as wind runnels nrnund die end
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ulwindlamuin a regular now paiiern,
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Windmik Cengguraiions
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in general, speeies ehnsen lor windereak should per-nil
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40-70% ol ihe wind ihrorigli. whreh prevenrs ihe
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lonnairon at a hirhuleni wind ovenuin nii ihe leeward
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side. Windhuk neighr is ideally onehhh el ihe spare
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heiween windbreaksbul is siill eneerrve lor low crop ri
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oneihrriieih ol lhe inlerspree
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sensiiile mnl’lgnrirlans are shown in figure 5. 1
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NM: ihai seine wind siielier sysienis are placed
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lhmughoul or wiihui lire rrnp or (mil area
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A Dense wllmbrmk will. hare riern area bdaw. Elleers,
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good summer eool shade lor liveslocle poor lo useless
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winier sneiier. clunrps oi sueh irees on knolls allow
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aniinalr lo escape heal, and dies and rnosuunoes are
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rnueh iedueed.
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W Cums“, piriris, Casuamia
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n Alierriaie lug—ergl pianiing or very permeable
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irees, gums: good ‘lruru-line“ serironi sysierns m
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redure sail burn and provide shelrer (or more dense
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ireee on islands and coasls giggles Amucnnn, pines,
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Casuarl‘m
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c, Compound vnndlrreal or high densiiy mm» The
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bear pmledion lor eroding heeehes, lining ihe wind
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sniodrhly over ihe her-4h berrn nnd napping sand, Also
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eheeiive in dusksml’m areas as a dual luv» 5%.
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Ground Connuluulus, Phyla lLippiul, Mrstmbrye
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sniieniurn Low shrubs erhiuni uiiueiiim, worrnweod,
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shrubs» Cupmsma rems Trees Lytlum. Cedrus,
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ciinresslis, soine planrs
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127
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