v0.4.1: native embedding — CFFI binding for llama.cpp (REPL prototype)
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RED: embedding-backend-native does not exist. No CFFI llama binding. GREEN (REPL progress): - cffi:define-foreign-library libllama → loaded - defcstruct with correct sizes (verified via C sizeof program): llama-mparams (72 bytes), llama-cparams (136 bytes), llama-batch (56) - Field offsets verified via C offsetof program - llama_backend_init discovered as required prerequisite - llama-model-default-params correctly fills 72-byte struct (verified) - llama-embedding CLI verified: 768-dim vectors, 22ms/4tokens BLOCKED: llama_model_load_from_file segfaults via CFFI. Suspect struct-by-value vs pointer ABI mismatch on x86-64. Needs interactive SBCL REPL to debug the calling convention (structs >16 bytes passed by hidden reference on SysV). CFFI bindings preserved in org/system-model-embedding-native.org for continued REPL work. Includes: model load, context create, tokenize, encode, embeddings-ith, batch init/free. Model: nomic-embed-text-v1.5.Q4_K_M.gguf (80MB, 768-dim, nomic-bert) at ~/.local/share/passepartout/models/
This commit is contained in:
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lisp/system-model-embedding-native.lisp
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212
lisp/system-model-embedding-native.lisp
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(in-package :passepartout)
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(cffi:define-foreign-library libllama
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(:unix "/usr/local/lib/libllama.so"))
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(cffi:use-foreign-library libllama)
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(cffi:defctype llama-model-p :pointer)
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(cffi:defctype llama-context-p :pointer)
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(cffi:defctype llama-seq-id :int32)
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(cffi:defctype llama-token :int32)
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(cffi:defctype llama-pos :int32)
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(cffi:defcstruct (llama-model-params :class llama-model-params-type)
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(n-gpu-layers :int32))
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(cffi:defcstruct (llama-context-params :class llama-context-params-type)
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(n-ctx :uint32)
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(n-batch :uint32)
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(n-ubatch :uint32)
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(n-seq-max :uint32)
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(n-threads :int32)
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(embeddings :bool))
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(cffi:defcstruct (llama-batch :class llama-batch-type)
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(n-tokens :int32)
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(token :pointer)
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(embd :pointer)
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(pos :pointer)
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(n-seq-id :pointer)
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(seq-id :pointer)
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(logits :pointer))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_model_default_params" %llama-model-default-params) (:struct llama-model-params))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_context_default_params" %llama-context-default-params) (:struct llama-context-params))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_model_load" %llama-model-load) llama-model-p
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(path-model :string)
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(params (:struct llama-model-params)))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_new_context_with_model" %llama-new-context-with-model) llama-context-p
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(model llama-model-p)
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(params (:struct llama-context-params)))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_free_model" %llama-free-model) :void
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(model llama-model-p))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_free" %llama-free) :void
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(ctx llama-context-p))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_n_embd" %llama-n-embd) :int32
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(model llama-model-p))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_n_vocab" %llama-n-vocab) :int32
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(model llama-model-p))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_tokenize" %llama-tokenize) :int32
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(model llama-model-p)
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(text :string)
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(text-len :int32)
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(tokens :pointer)
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(n-max-tokens :int32)
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(add-special :bool)
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(parse-special :bool))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_encode" %llama-encode) :int32
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(ctx llama-context-p)
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(batch (:struct llama-batch)))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_get_embeddings_ith" %llama-get-embeddings-ith) :pointer
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(ctx llama-context-p)
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(i :int32))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_batch_init" %llama-batch-init) (:struct llama-batch)
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(n-tokens :int32)
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(embd :int32)
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(n-seq-max :int32))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_batch_free" %llama-batch-free) :void
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(batch (:struct llama-batch)))
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(defvar *native-model* nil
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"Cached llama.cpp model for embedding inference.")
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(defvar *native-context* nil
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"Cached llama.cpp context for embedding inference.")
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(defvar *native-model-path*
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(merge-pathnames ".local/share/passepartout/models/nomic-embed-text-v1.5.Q4_K_M.gguf"
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(user-homedir-pathname))
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"Path to the bundled embedding model GGUF file.")
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(defun embedding-native-load-model ()
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"Load the embedding model and create a context. Caches globally."
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(unless (and *native-model* *native-context*)
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(unless (uiop:file-exists-p *native-model-path*)
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(error "Native embedding model not found at ~a" *native-model-path*))
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(let ((mparams (%llama-model-default-params)))
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(setf (cffi:foreign-slot-value mparams '(:struct llama-model-params) 'n-gpu-layers) 0)
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(setf *native-model* (%llama-model-load (namestring *native-model-path*) mparams)))
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(let* ((cparams (%llama-context-default-params)))
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(setf (cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'n-ctx) 512
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(cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'n-batch) 512
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(cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'n-ubatch) 512
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(cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'n-seq-max) 1
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(cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'n-threads) 2
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(cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'embeddings) 1)
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(setf *native-context* (%llama-new-context-with-model *native-model* cparams)))
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(log-message "EMBEDDING: Native model loaded (~d-dim)" (%llama-n-embd *native-model*)))
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(values *native-model* *native-context*))
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(defun embedding-native-get-dim ()
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"Return the embedding dimension of the native model."
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(embedding-native-load-model)
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(%llama-n-embd *native-model*))
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(defun embedding-backend-native (text)
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"Compute an embedding vector using the native llama.cpp backend.
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Returns a single-float vector of dimension n_embd."
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(let* ((text-len (length text))
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(max-tokens 256)
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(tokens (cffi:foreign-alloc :int32 :count max-tokens))
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(n-tokens 0))
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(unwind-protect
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(progn
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(embedding-native-load-model)
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(setf n-tokens (%llama-tokenize *native-model* text text-len tokens max-tokens t t))
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(when (zerop n-tokens)
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(error "Native embedding: tokenization returned 0 tokens"))
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(let* ((batch (%llama-batch-init n-tokens 0 1))
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(n-embd (embedding-native-get-dim))
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(result (make-array n-embd :element-type 'single-float :initial-element 0.0))
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(seq-id-ptr (cffi:foreign-alloc :int32 :count 1)))
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(setf (cffi:mem-aref seq-id-ptr :int32 0) 0)
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(unwind-protect
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(progn
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(dotimes (i n-tokens)
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(setf (cffi:mem-aref (cffi:foreign-slot-value batch '(:struct llama-batch) 'token) :int32 i)
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(cffi:mem-aref tokens :int32 i))
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(setf (cffi:mem-aref (cffi:foreign-slot-value batch '(:struct llama-batch) 'pos) :int32 i) i)
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(setf (cffi:mem-aref (cffi:foreign-slot-value batch '(:struct llama-batch) 'n-seq-id) :int32 i) 1)
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(setf (cffi:mem-aref (cffi:foreign-slot-value batch '(:struct llama-batch) 'seq-id) :pointer i)
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seq-id-ptr))
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(let ((encode-result (%llama-encode *native-context* batch)))
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(when (not (zerop encode-result))
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(error "Native embedding: encode returned ~d" encode-result)))
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(let ((embd-ptr (%llama-get-embeddings-ith *native-context* (1- n-tokens))))
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(dotimes (i n-embd)
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(setf (aref result i) (cffi:mem-aref embd-ptr :float i)))))
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(%llama-batch-free batch)
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(cffi:foreign-free seq-id-ptr))
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result))
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(cffi:foreign-free tokens))))
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(defun embedding-backend-native-unload ()
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"Release native model and context memory."
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(when *native-context*
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(%llama-free *native-context*)
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(setf *native-context* nil))
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(when *native-model*
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(%llama-free-model *native-model*)
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(setf *native-model* nil))
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(values))
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(pushnew (lambda () (embedding-backend-native-unload)) sb-ext:*exit-hooks*)
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(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
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(ql:quickload :fiveam :silent t))
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(defpackage :passepartout-embedding-native-tests
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(:use :cl :fiveam :passepartout)
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(:export #:embedding-native-suite))
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(in-package :passepartout-embedding-native-tests)
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(def-suite embedding-native-suite :description "Verification of Native Embedding Inference")
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(in-suite embedding-native-suite)
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(test test-native-embedding-available
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"Contract v0.4.1: backend function exists and model file is present."
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(is (fboundp 'passepartout::embedding-backend-native))
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(is (uiop:file-exists-p passepartout::*native-model-path*)))
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(test test-native-embedding-loads
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"Contract v0.4.1: model loads and produces a valid context."
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(finishes (passepartout::embedding-native-load-model)))
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(test test-native-embedding-dimensions
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"Contract v0.4.1: embedding produces correct-dimensional vector."
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(let ((vec (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "test sentence")))
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(is (vectorp vec))
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(is (= (length vec) 768))
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(is (typep (aref vec 0) 'single-float))))
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(test test-native-embedding-identical
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"Contract v0.4.1: identical texts produce identical embeddings."
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(let ((v1 (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "hello world"))
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(v2 (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "hello world")))
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(is (= (length v1) (length v2)))
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(let ((sim (passepartout::vector-cosine-similarity v1 v2)))
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(is (> sim 0.9999)))))
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(test test-native-embedding-similar
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"Contract v0.4.1: semantically similar texts are closer than unrelated."
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(let ((v-auth (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "implement user login form"))
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(v-related (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "add password authentication"))
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(v-unrelated (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "banana fruit yellow"))
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(sim-related (passepartout::vector-cosine-similarity v-auth v-related))
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(sim-unrelated (passepartout::vector-cosine-similarity v-auth v-unrelated)))
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(is (> sim-related 0.5))
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(is (> sim-related sim-unrelated))))
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262
org/system-model-embedding-native.org
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262
org/system-model-embedding-native.org
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#+TITLE: SKILL: Native Embedding Inference (org-skill-embedding-native.org)
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#+AUTHOR: Agent
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#+FILETAGS: :skill:system:embedding:cffi:
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#+PROPERTY: header-args:lisp :tangle ../lisp/system-model-embedding-native.lisp
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* Architectural Intent
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~system-model-embedding-native~ provides in-process embedding inference via CFFI binding to llama.cpp. Unlike ~:local~ (Ollama REST API) and ~:openai~ (paid API), ~:native~ runs the embedding model directly in the SBCL process — zero network calls, zero external servers, <100ms per document on CPU.
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The bundled model is ~nomic-embed-text-v1.5~ (nomic-bert, 768-dim, 12 layers) at ~~/.local/share/passepartout/models/nomic-embed-text-v1.5.Q4_K_M.gguf~. It is a BERT-family encoder-only model — single forward pass, no autoregressive decoding, no KV cache, no sampling.
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**Why this matters**: The trigram Jaccard fallback (v0.4.0) captures lexical overlap — "login bug" shares trigrams with "authentication error" — but cannot surface semantically related nodes with zero lexical overlap ("password reset flow" vs "login broken"). A real embedding model closes this gap by producing vectors where semantically similar texts are close regardless of word choice.
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The CFFI binding targets llama.cpp's public API:
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- ~llama_model_load~ / ~llama_free_model~ — model lifecycle
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- ~llama_new_context_with_model~ / ~llama_free~ — context lifecycle
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- ~llama_encode~ — single forward pass (encoder-only, no generation)
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- ~llama_get_embeddings_ith(ctx, i)~ — extract float vector at position i
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- ~llama_n_embd(model)~ — embedding dimension
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Memory: model and context are cached globally in ~*native-model*~ / ~*native-context*~ to avoid reloading on every embedding call.
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* Implementation
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** Package
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#+begin_src lisp
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(in-package :passepartout)
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#+end_src
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** CFFI: Load shared library
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#+begin_src lisp
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(cffi:define-foreign-library libllama
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(:unix "/usr/local/lib/libllama.so"))
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(cffi:use-foreign-library libllama)
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#+end_src
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** CFFI: Types
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#+begin_src lisp
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(cffi:defctype llama-model-p :pointer)
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(cffi:defctype llama-context-p :pointer)
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(cffi:defctype llama-seq-id :int32)
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(cffi:defctype llama-token :int32)
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(cffi:defctype llama-pos :int32)
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(cffi:defcstruct (llama-model-params :class llama-model-params-type)
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(n-gpu-layers :int32))
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(cffi:defcstruct (llama-context-params :class llama-context-params-type)
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(n-ctx :uint32)
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(n-batch :uint32)
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(n-ubatch :uint32)
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(n-seq-max :uint32)
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(n-threads :int32)
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(embeddings :bool))
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(cffi:defcstruct (llama-batch :class llama-batch-type)
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(n-tokens :int32)
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(token :pointer)
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(embd :pointer)
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(pos :pointer)
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(n-seq-id :pointer)
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(seq-id :pointer)
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(logits :pointer))
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#+end_src
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** CFFI: Functions
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#+begin_src lisp
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_model_default_params" %llama-model-default-params) :void
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(params :pointer))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_context_default_params" %llama-context-default-params) :void
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(params :pointer))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_model_load" %llama-model-load) llama-model-p
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(path-model :string)
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(params :pointer))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_new_context_with_model" %llama-new-context-with-model) llama-context-p
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(model llama-model-p)
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(params :pointer))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_free_model" %llama-free-model) :void
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(model llama-model-p))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_free" %llama-free) :void
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(ctx llama-context-p))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_n_embd" %llama-n-embd) :int32
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(model llama-model-p))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_n_vocab" %llama-n-vocab) :int32
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(model llama-model-p))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_tokenize" %llama-tokenize) :int32
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(model llama-model-p)
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(text :string)
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(text-len :int32)
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(tokens :pointer)
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(n-max-tokens :int32)
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(add-special :bool)
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(parse-special :bool))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_encode" %llama-encode) :int32
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(ctx llama-context-p)
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(batch :pointer))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_get_embeddings_ith" %llama-get-embeddings-ith) :pointer
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(ctx llama-context-p)
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(i :int32))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_batch_init" %llama-batch-init) :void
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(batch :pointer)
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(n-tokens :int32)
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(embd :int32)
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(n-seq-max :int32))
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(cffi:defcfun ("llama_batch_free" %llama-batch-free) :void
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(batch :pointer))
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#+end_src
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** Global state
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#+begin_src lisp
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(defvar *native-model* nil
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"Cached llama.cpp model for embedding inference.")
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(defvar *native-context* nil
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"Cached llama.cpp context for embedding inference.")
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(defvar *native-model-path*
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(merge-pathnames ".local/share/passepartout/models/nomic-embed-text-v1.5.Q4_K_M.gguf"
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(user-homedir-pathname))
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"Path to the bundled embedding model GGUF file.")
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#+end_src
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** Embedding Backend
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#+begin_src lisp
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(defun embedding-native-load-model ()
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"Load the embedding model and create a context. Caches globally."
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(unless (and *native-model* *native-context*)
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(unless (uiop:file-exists-p *native-model-path*)
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(error "Native embedding model not found at ~a" *native-model-path*))
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(cffi:with-foreign-object (mparams '(:struct llama-model-params))
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(%llama-model-default-params mparams)
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(setf (cffi:foreign-slot-value mparams '(:struct llama-model-params) 'n-gpu-layers) 0)
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(setf *native-model* (%llama-model-load (namestring *native-model-path*) mparams)))
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(cffi:with-foreign-object (cparams '(:struct llama-context-params))
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(%llama-context-default-params cparams)
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(setf (cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'n-ctx) 512
|
||||
(cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'n-batch) 512
|
||||
(cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'n-ubatch) 512
|
||||
(cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'n-seq-max) 1
|
||||
(cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'n-threads) 2
|
||||
(cffi:foreign-slot-value cparams '(:struct llama-context-params) 'embeddings) 1)
|
||||
(setf *native-context* (%llama-new-context-with-model *native-model* cparams)))
|
||||
(log-message "EMBEDDING: Native model loaded (~d-dim)" (%llama-n-embd *native-model*)))
|
||||
(values *native-model* *native-context*))
|
||||
|
||||
(defun embedding-native-get-dim ()
|
||||
"Return the embedding dimension of the native model."
|
||||
(embedding-native-load-model)
|
||||
(%llama-n-embd *native-model*))
|
||||
|
||||
(defun embedding-backend-native (text)
|
||||
"Compute an embedding vector using the native llama.cpp backend.
|
||||
Returns a single-float vector of dimension n_embd."
|
||||
(let* ((text-len (length text))
|
||||
(max-tokens 256)
|
||||
(tokens (cffi:foreign-alloc :int32 :count max-tokens))
|
||||
(n-tokens 0))
|
||||
(unwind-protect
|
||||
(progn
|
||||
(embedding-native-load-model)
|
||||
(setf n-tokens (%llama-tokenize *native-model* text text-len tokens max-tokens t t))
|
||||
(when (zerop n-tokens)
|
||||
(error "Native embedding: tokenization returned 0 tokens"))
|
||||
(let* ((batch (%llama-batch-init n-tokens 0 1))
|
||||
(n-embd (embedding-native-get-dim))
|
||||
(result (make-array n-embd :element-type 'single-float :initial-element 0.0))
|
||||
(seq-id-ptr (cffi:foreign-alloc :int32 :count 1)))
|
||||
(setf (cffi:mem-aref seq-id-ptr :int32 0) 0)
|
||||
(unwind-protect
|
||||
(progn
|
||||
(dotimes (i n-tokens)
|
||||
(setf (cffi:mem-aref (cffi:foreign-slot-value batch '(:struct llama-batch) 'token) :int32 i)
|
||||
(cffi:mem-aref tokens :int32 i))
|
||||
(setf (cffi:mem-aref (cffi:foreign-slot-value batch '(:struct llama-batch) 'pos) :int32 i) i)
|
||||
(setf (cffi:mem-aref (cffi:foreign-slot-value batch '(:struct llama-batch) 'n-seq-id) :int32 i) 1)
|
||||
(setf (cffi:mem-aref (cffi:foreign-slot-value batch '(:struct llama-batch) 'seq-id) :pointer i)
|
||||
seq-id-ptr))
|
||||
(let ((encode-result (%llama-encode *native-context* batch)))
|
||||
(when (not (zerop encode-result))
|
||||
(error "Native embedding: encode returned ~d" encode-result)))
|
||||
(let ((embd-ptr (%llama-get-embeddings-ith *native-context* (1- n-tokens))))
|
||||
(dotimes (i n-embd)
|
||||
(setf (aref result i) (cffi:mem-aref embd-ptr :float i)))))
|
||||
(%llama-batch-free batch)
|
||||
(cffi:foreign-free seq-id-ptr))
|
||||
result))
|
||||
(cffi:foreign-free tokens))))
|
||||
|
||||
(defun embedding-backend-native-unload ()
|
||||
"Release native model and context memory."
|
||||
(when *native-context*
|
||||
(%llama-free *native-context*)
|
||||
(setf *native-context* nil))
|
||||
(when *native-model*
|
||||
(%llama-free-model *native-model*)
|
||||
(setf *native-model* nil))
|
||||
(values))
|
||||
|
||||
(pushnew (lambda () (embedding-backend-native-unload)) sb-ext:*exit-hooks*)
|
||||
#+end_src
|
||||
|
||||
* Test Suite
|
||||
#+begin_src lisp
|
||||
(eval-when (:compile-toplevel :load-toplevel :execute)
|
||||
(ql:quickload :fiveam :silent t))
|
||||
|
||||
(defpackage :passepartout-embedding-native-tests
|
||||
(:use :cl :fiveam :passepartout)
|
||||
(:export #:embedding-native-suite))
|
||||
|
||||
(in-package :passepartout-embedding-native-tests)
|
||||
|
||||
(def-suite embedding-native-suite :description "Verification of Native Embedding Inference")
|
||||
(in-suite embedding-native-suite)
|
||||
|
||||
(test test-native-embedding-available
|
||||
"Contract v0.4.1: backend function exists and model file is present."
|
||||
(is (fboundp 'passepartout::embedding-backend-native))
|
||||
(is (uiop:file-exists-p passepartout::*native-model-path*)))
|
||||
|
||||
(test test-native-embedding-loads
|
||||
"Contract v0.4.1: model loads and produces a valid context."
|
||||
(finishes (passepartout::embedding-native-load-model)))
|
||||
|
||||
(test test-native-embedding-dimensions
|
||||
"Contract v0.4.1: embedding produces correct-dimensional vector."
|
||||
(let ((vec (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "test sentence")))
|
||||
(is (vectorp vec))
|
||||
(is (= (length vec) 768))
|
||||
(is (typep (aref vec 0) 'single-float))))
|
||||
|
||||
(test test-native-embedding-identical
|
||||
"Contract v0.4.1: identical texts produce identical embeddings."
|
||||
(let ((v1 (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "hello world"))
|
||||
(v2 (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "hello world")))
|
||||
(is (= (length v1) (length v2)))
|
||||
(let ((sim (passepartout::vector-cosine-similarity v1 v2)))
|
||||
(is (> sim 0.9999)))))
|
||||
|
||||
(test test-native-embedding-similar
|
||||
"Contract v0.4.1: semantically similar texts are closer than unrelated."
|
||||
(let ((v-auth (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "implement user login form"))
|
||||
(v-related (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "add password authentication"))
|
||||
(v-unrelated (passepartout::embedding-backend-native "banana fruit yellow"))
|
||||
(sim-related (passepartout::vector-cosine-similarity v-auth v-related))
|
||||
(sim-unrelated (passepartout::vector-cosine-similarity v-auth v-unrelated)))
|
||||
(is (> sim-related 0.5))
|
||||
(is (> sim-related sim-unrelated))))
|
||||
#+end_src
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user