139 lines
5.6 KiB
Plaintext
139 lines
5.6 KiB
Plaintext
enrieal lo prorern produeiron in lire oopres rhai rapid
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proeessing ol lish rs oehrered m ew ol rhe porennal
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lor spoilage More everyday rrranularrure or elear
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plasirr dryrng renis or boxes is aeeded rarher rhan
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emphasis on immismg lrshrng ellrereney or produe-
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rion. as up ra «we oi a rareh ran be insl lu spoilage and
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damage by rodenrs and birds
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Fermeni ul lrsh wasies las praeireed in lndonesrai
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Produm a pmhemrnth, sairsiabilised lraoid sauee oi
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grea- value to people on rise rims, and sueh |Khnlq|lzs
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are an essenoal pan olsnlvaging lash wastes lor rnarlrer
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dispersal. proeessrng also rnereases ulHarm eeonomus
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and rural ernployrnenr Pakmiafl
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For non-rarnivorous sp , ,earrh-and-reslock
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sysrerns an grearly lmease yields over bareh or soral
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removal alrhe speeres Marry pemranenr ponds are run
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an rhis basrs, or rhar ol naroral breeding in she ease or
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naylrsh lwhen a mxlmllm srre lrmrr rs used in reiurn
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large, fasxrgmwmg breeders io ihe pond or breeding
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areal. [l is always rose lo eonarder renaming or keeping
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lhe larger: fish, and earring lire slighily smaller gmdes
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lunloriunarely nor a srraiegy wellrapplled in sea
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loner-res).
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Ahhnugh a greal emphasrs is pui on lrsh, irue
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aquacullunl planning should always Include diverse
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plani produers, wlrh ernphasrs on loral sraples rrslr are
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llren aseassory la a broad prodoer base, and la nee
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erops The disease problems ihal burld up rn aqua-
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eulnrres are due ro ayerernpnasrs on one speeres or
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dis ol load and hrgh yields, and also lo a neglecr ol
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shade, wild loo-is, and ihe benelreral elleers ol planrs on
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waieroualiiy
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13.10
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TRADITIONAL AND NEW WATER
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POLYCULTURES
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The very anlroalry al sarne ierraee nd rryerslde
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eulrurea dernonsiraies rheir sosiainab iiy 'n human
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rerrua The wet ierraees ol rhe lhrgaa people al rhe
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l-hlllpprnes have been rn use do! or lersi am) yelrs', ihe
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llood eulrures or line Nile innw sadly bur perhaps
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remporarily endedl is probably mm years old: she
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rhinarnpa sysrern ol Merreu rs also arrooue, as are rhe
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flood-phin, Iakriidt, and rivzr enlruresouisla.
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Harold Conkhn in "Ekhnoguphir Ciiics ol liugm‘,
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Srlenn/ir Amnl‘aln «Review» February i952, rairulsres
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rhai lam years oi roll neared ihese reoaee «mums, He
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rrralres a rorrurrenrary an warer eulrures ihar For lwm
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rnalres on ihe lndonesran palm euliurer—ihai lirese
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peoples reeogmse no external iulhonly. Nor only is ii
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an rnappropriaie and rnrerlering eoneepi rn
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sell—susiained sysierus, bur rhe erearors or soon sysrerns
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have learned a sell- governanee nova! developed by
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any eeniral aurhoory rn hrslory the eonsirueiron ol
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earnrnon ranal sysreras and shared rrrrgarron
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neeessrraies eammunrry rrrganrsarrnn and selleanrrol
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Hydraulre desporism, as round rn eolonised areas,
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predisposes soereires in erploriairon and eenrralrsed
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gnvernmnu Warer is. in all sane nr dernorraire
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500
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marries, regarded as a yulrlre resourse.
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meing as heeiares ol padr nee, and 015 ha ol
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swan pours as smples, w“)! 1 ha ol woodlai and grove
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rnrp, doraesrie pigs and (hickens led horn gleanrngs
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and rrop, rhe lhigao lnmrly nl s spend we person days
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ol produeirre labour per year, or all days per able
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individual Ramlall is an incredible 3 lo 6 arr/year,
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“meimiking consul“ rerraee orarnrenanee The rer-raees
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have 2 cm ol sori, and hail rhe mass ol rhe bands is in
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srone Canal and am mainlenarree naessiraie annual
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earrh and srone Icpnlrs: ihe eourraleni value or
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abreeove rosi is one day ol rue lor one hour nl work
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There are a good rnany usdul planr species nl rhe
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marine and sauna: environmenr, only some 2mm
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spews ol warer planrs are ur ronsrani euloire or have
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been srrbyeei m rarreral seleerran. Many species are srrll
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wildrgamemd or iii eoliuredl are derrved lrom
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onseleeird wild sroek yer mm is an obuluns Wendi]
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ror werland loresrry. erali prisoner, and specialised
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lorage erop assembles lor splzclrs such as bees, ducks or
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wareriowl, and lish Pigs unlrse mnal swamps and
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warer margins lor a rariely ol ladders. Came enrer
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lagoons and shallow warers In browse, while speeres
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like are Soay sheep, rurrles, and ihe Galapagos iguana
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browse lhe large seaweed: ol rhe seashore, and
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seagrasses ln sarnph re paslulrs gese, swan, and loh
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speeres browse or varying nde levels Anyone rnreresied
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in speone planr assemblies ran evolve a iarrly romplea
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array ol lorbs, shrubs, ones, and has re surr speeilre or
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speeralrsed purposes Thule is an obvious role lor seed,
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regerairre. and general aquairr nurseries and suppliers,
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which are undeveloped in mosreoonrnss.
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Rather lhan enumeraie all die eolrured spedes, l have
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rhasen ra deal who a low seleeied pniyeuliores al
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planrs, lo bnelly lreai lire marginal planrings, and lo
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suggesr plani assemblies ior speeilre sure I wlll
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desenbe bmh a cold area and subrroprr plans sysrern lo
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rllusirare rhe aquarre poieniral. selerring M ld riee
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manna) lor rool areas, and rare. lColaras' l lor lhe
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noples Riee (Bryn) risell is grown horn iernperare ro
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iropreal areas, and is nol dealr wllh here, bar rs very
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well desenbed by Moolrauv.
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WILD RICE CULTURE
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lzlaerrrr laensrnsr Minnesoia, very rold winiers and nor
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summers
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wild riee rs a rail annual grass no 2.5 m) will. several
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perennial species in ihe same genus, ii has been
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gaihered as a grain lor eenrories by Amzrilldian lnbes
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ol Canada and rhe varied sures, lrorn Mrnnesoia in
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Florida.
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Species or seed eolleered lor eulnne rnals should be
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garnered lrorrr seleered piano or rhe elirnaire and warer
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provenanee surred lo lhe euilure srle. Some lew enrps
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hive been grown in lhe Souihern hernrsphere, hm ior
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lhe mosr parr rlre 3 rnrllron k5 produced are grown in
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ihe Mlnnesoun region. 01 rhe lava! pnrduenon. abooi
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soul is sirll mid—gaihered rn iradrironal lash n by
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Amenndians who bear oul rhe grams rnra a eauoe, and
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