memex/0_inbox/books/PDM/Bill Mollison - Permaculture A Designer's Manual text/525.txt

iheiemarnder in zxmmve iields olup rem ha erraled
by modern growers, wirh all lhe rnenieienres rhrr
monrulrures enrail.

Wild rice has been brought inro enlrure wirhin the
lrri so years, and seleeiion is now is in; place. ii is
ihereloie one el she mosl receni grains lobe developed,
bur one peeuliarly soiled lo sold swamps and shallows
wiih iniense summer hear The uriym] rnlrure was lor
duck ilyway lwildlile) seed, and wild ducks harvesl
peelraps m oi ihe iolal produerion, as ihe seed i-iperis
slowly rruer “weeks. Mecharueal harvesl garners only
lhai seed which is ripe ar harveri. Thus, while
commersial yields are low lonly small kg/Ilil, prices
are high lal sla kg in law, so lhar nelds ol loo heslares
or so give a cash rerurn ol up so Slmm annually in
rice alone.

wildlowl, in dabbling lhe lallen seed in lields, help
ihin uni seed whieh will eerminare alrer a winrer
srraiineahon, ihe plans crowd rl nol so ihinned, ideal
spaflng is m x 35 em, and lor small plos, wirh seleeied
heads, yield ran be zoo—soc g/hnd, obviously. ine
problem wilh yield is nor in she plani, bur in ihe needle
harvesi as one nine, mechanirally Homeplors, eaehered
over 34 weeks, are in laer very produaive, and only
zineaw plans should supply a lamlly ii well mred (or.
A srraieey used by lndrans so save ihe arain lrom
predaiion and shinning is in bundle and lie lb-zu
heads rogelner, and lo unrie ihem periodicifly lor
rhieshing inio canoes,

seed rs saved lrom saleded planrs and held nver
winier in bags under warer ln ihe Ky lakes, or in warer
in mirigeralms ai sovr lr is sown in spring in lields
Hooded lo aboui lHn cm deep, and harvesled irom
mxdsaulumn. The rrelds are dried oui (or 24 weeks
beloie marhme harvesling, and musi be resled or sown
lo anorher rrop ro rlean lhe gmund il a new eulrivar is
no be uurodueed, as sellsseedilg ouierwise perpenrales
rhe i-rrsisown varieay.

ln lne large lields and deep margin diiehes ul
Minnesora, a sellsgeneraled polyeulrure ol erayllsh
lilomarusl, mink beaver, and lhousands ol walerlowl
has evolved wilh ihe wild rise :uhum. Coyore also
Huge lhe bunds, and prokrais srore much ol ihe seed
ihe craylish live in diiehes and browse sin in inro lne
erop, causing some damage, bul as hey are iheinselves
a pmennal crop, or a lood lor mink, ihis is iolerared
Duck poiaio (Sliglllnml! ran beeome a weed ol ihe
sysiem. bur rhis is also a warerlowl lood and prelers
somewhal deeper warer ihan the rice planl, or can be
removed by culrure or hand wrcdmg il neeearary.
There is an obvious porenlial lor roldwaier fish—rearing
in rhe canals and diishss ol lhe sysrem lspeeios such as
hour and bullheadsl, nol as ytt developed. Manur'in;
by AMI/n is mu prasliced, and ihe fields are resred dry
in wrnler

An lnlrlguing poieniial is she propensiiy nl rrie
paokrarr iu carry and sroie large ouannnes ol sound,
cleaned gram inro arlihuil snelrers llrke engine
maniluldsl, insulared and pluggtd by 1pr (mmhunglr
cairaili soed silk. Narrow holds and a sel ol sue»

arrilisal srorage sires may well be ihe besi way lo
haryem, and binding paelrrau eould be supplied wish
aliernarrve lood lor llre wrnier, or allowed lo keep IS'lr
ol iheir slons hall They may well be ihe mosi Elfirlenlr
as well as she cleanser, harvesrers lor ihe any, and (all
scrrrely do worse lhrn ihe slum kg (or less man ml
gathered by machines casting $300,000 or mow bill
Maekenlly ipers. commi uses grey squirrels |u rolleel
hickory mils and was in ihis way, and provides slum
wilh buried pipes ro sroie ihe rims He leaves rhem
aboul ISWu oi ihe harvesi

Duck lanz‘ning. craylish harvesl, mussel meals, lish
praduriion, and vine crop ol hops nr silverberries
Mnmmm Ilrxullfl are nbvious supplemenlrry produrrs
lo ihe crop, rnd could be viable assessory sysloms,
rogeiher wrlh iesrricied lur pnrduclran, same speeral
lnresiry, and rerreaiional fishing or iour polennal I
have allempied lo pornay some ol ihis eornplerily in
more luv, and arknawkdge my debi lo lne pioneer
powers Huhen and Leonard laeobson nl aiiken,
Minnesola, who kindly supplied me wl|h dara land
some wild rice m eai> A small ierrase or pond ol wild
nee should be ihe aim ol every home gardener who ran
obiain seed and who enyoys a nurnrurus grain, as mosr
American: do. For wildliie lesperial waterlowh
Rinses, iherersno berreraurumn ladder

   

mo CULTURE
iciiloessia eseulenlal Hawaii, sublropics lo rmpies, and
mokr lmhlm areas

l admn m a weak spnr lor iaro lields and xerrases,
especially lhose oi ihe nadiiinnal Hawaiian euliure
Taro is an heroreeous perennial lo I m high wilh Large
arrow—like leaves and a swollen siem base or ruber
whuh can reach m kg, buns normally markeied ai I kg
or so, alier an H; memh gmwlng period lihere is no
“on season- in she subliopiesl.

1here were some lran Hawaiian varieiies, and
perhaps loll or so are srill preserved. is is a siaple iood
in Hawaii and some orher parls or Pulyncsn and
soulheasi Ash, where rice or breadlrurr arealsn slaples
Grown as a monoeulruie plani Iar eenrunes, ihe reeenr
aeridenlal or deliberaie iniroducrion 0| Amflu, mama,
fish, rraylish, and Chinese edible coiled gaitmpod
snails have diversrlied rhe wei terrace eulrures.
alllrougn ihe Hawaiians lradilionally rear loeal hsh and
prawn species in {M pends

Taro is propagaled by small side rubers nr more
roou-nonly by a curring based on a crown dlse ol aboul
i sin lhick, and ihe lower IR em or srerlk mm ihe old
ruber ai harvesl Cumngs have ihe leaves removed by a
slam erri yusr above llre iirsr leal node

There are special virieries lorboilrna, baking, lerinenr
lo pm, or Mhng as gm leal spinach (lulu rarol. A“
rare musi be cooked due lo ihe s using eryslals o1
omlie acid in ihe leaves lwhieh ean gmsqy irrirair ihe
bare back ol norei-lawanans like mysell, neaunouslv
rarrymg high nliubers in ihis wayl

There has always been a lish cullure hadnion wirh

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