memex/0_inbox/books/PDM/Bill Mollison - Permaculture A Designer's Manual text/324.txt

pioneering rhe weeds, and yegeiabies and papaya
sueeeedrng lhem in abo'ul is monrhs lo 2 years, a more
perennial sysiem sureeeds rhe weed layer, Eggs,
chiekens, vegerabies. and papaya are al modesr
eommererai level, and borh milk goals and ehiekens are
let our ohlo she paihs io eai greens when rhe pens are
bare

I have now seen numerous ehieken horrors, all
dillerenl, some wirh passionlruir lenee/rrellis crop,
some iusr as vegeiabie 33mm, and some lor small lrar
or herbareous ureliard, All are remarkable lor laek ol
weeds and high produra‘ in she more marure eycirs,
buekwheal, errmlrey, miller, sunnawer, and sorghum
ean be sown in rhe pens n lew weeks belore ilie
chickens are renimedi providing greero and grains

Even rocky or rough eounrry is so prepared lor crop
by ohiekeru, lhe main eesr being seeirre pen lensing
srrong lenees also suppon vine mp, and a lew larger
legume rrees provide high shade mpvana Hyu.
larger Album) lor pens and rrops.

Where chickens are io be rhe m a crop, ehirken
lorage planls replaee vagrhhks and some lrnaii (mp,
arid ihe sysiem rhea provides all lood. Near ihe house,
a lew small roPnelied and seeure rearing pens allow
broody hens lo replaee ihe ehiekens culled, Normal
weeds sueh as asalrs, eioivers, dandelion, umnn weed,
llmk, and rim grass are eicelloni ehicken lodders, as
are any ol lhe slalohvrrr la y lliuekleberry, blaek
nighrshade, peprno, kangaroo apple, romalo, haskberry,
Sodom apple, eicl

 

 

 

PIG rum-oil
The pig maul leiiows lhe same reebmdae bur is more
sulred lo 1—40 ha propemes Larger shrub—weeds
(Lonlrrro, gorse, blackberryi or dl-ep-muted weeds
lCenuolrrvlrrs, rhreomaieus grasses, comlreyl call lar a
pig uaeior. the derisiiy pl pigs perpen should bear ihe
prepornon ol Sfl/ha lor lull eiearanee ol weeds in
pramrie, 0.5—2 ha plots are lenred, mosi ecummicllly
using permanenr eleerrie leneing, which is much
cheaper ihaa ehreken mesh leasing cmee earh pm is
bare (em weeksl and mughvplowed by rooang pigs, ii
is easy lo plani lueerne, eouiliey sels, suarool (Jerusas
lem arllehokei, sweer paialo, lrrgr lrees, papaya,
banana, and similar crops lor pig lorages, and so keep
up ihis iorarion unrii rhe pigs renirn iorlie pen.

Dria large scale (20-40 ha), (he pig aaelor sysiem ean
pioneer highflualily milk-cow pasrure ol chicory,
dandelion rornlrey, dock, grasses, and clover, and vas
lrrilow along 273 menihs behind rhe pig lrsclor A
coalinous rorarion is ser up, and exeess rnlik produei
lwhey, sknn miikl led irr lhe pigs as aeeessory lood.
l-iglers ranging over such pasrure rarely show iron
anaemia dericreney, parasile eyeles are broken, and rhe
sml mnshufly improves in humus Such large animals
as pigs and eowr need leaeed nee scrips, bee guards,
and border hedgerow in supply uee lorage pop

obviously, lhese mrensrve anunai baelor sysrernsean
be a phase (allowed by bee eropi an accessory to rree

3C0

erop, or a perenaiienl learuie ol she mixed lerrn, orused
unsanilly lo remrrye orop wasles and lailen lruils
chickens, l leel, should be a permanear loiage sysiern
in all mired orehards,

10,13

GRASSLANDS AND RANGE
MANAGEMENT
in view oi rhe preysienre M livalock enierprires in ihe
eropics, some guides lo managerneni are required lor
iruik and beer or sheep produeiion. nie loliowing
mansgemeni soaregies an be implemenled:

- THE ADDI'IUN or roman mas lo grass.
lands. These can be grass legumes or neei, rhe inner
prov-ding loliage, lood sugars, seed carbohydraies, ur
lruirs

. ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGES, pariieuiariy in
ierms ol waier siorage and soil slruclure, irrigaiion
windbreak and shelrer, l<ey lemlrser or beee elemenrs
an be added, and pianl speeies can be niaiaramed by
slashing or lighr ndhvllwn oi parhire.

- coNsERvmoN or FORACE by roiaiionai or
periodic resis- liom gi-aeing by using hays and sliages,
by supplying proiein or urea supplemems and
molasses in droughr, and by keeping sioeking rarer
below lhe worsi sase eondiuons.

- STOCK MANAGEMENT, especially by welle
planned buying and selling io keep numbers in rune
wiih seasons and longerererm llueaiarions, lor example
raining giving or buying in animals in sprirg or :uly
summer, and selling ihem or dry cows in auiumn to
[em wlmlr leed demand Al rhe ekneme, sleek an
be penned and led harvesred lodders. A sequulce ol
species or a spedes poiyeulnire ean be plmled lo lake
besr advanrages ol images

A mixiure oi legumes wirh a seleswl grass speeies
plus some siorabie lorage is ideal (or rhe rroples Mess
grazing sysierns can ekread under palms,berween large
iree crops, or as a eomplea wish bells ol lorage lree
legumes yielding ladder, lruil, pods, or large seed lor
iood renienrrales Each soil lype. loraiion, i-amlall area,
slope lype. and main rrop needs assessmeni arid
planning.

The leal swaids yalued by graziers rriay also suir
81!!wa rover lor orshaidisis where regular slash.
ing lor easy lruir harves| is praelreed (or sporadir
gnzhig) in rhrse eases it is ersenrral rhar rhe orchard
rrop is well eslabiished using manures belere rwiriing
legumes are planicd. Sails under slashed pashrns are ol
neeilenr sirueiure. and erosion e elleclively slopped

Elephaar or bannn grass lPerrnrselvm prrpureunrl is
besr on deep alluvial or sparse liars above no em
ialiuiriuml or 90 em leaaslall rairilaik Xl reachrs 2 5-45
m high, bul ran be geared lo 1 m or eui I0 is em lor
lorage and mulch ll needs a vigorous legume, e.g.
Llumnla inlerplanr. or lorage legumes such as
Calming-m, Cnimsrmu, G'y(ln([xn high rainlsn bopiaei