146 lines
4.6 KiB
Plaintext
146 lines
4.6 KiB
Plaintext
can place windbkak io reduce heai loss in homes, io
|
||
ayoid damage in carasiropliir winds, and iri sreer ihe
|
||
Winds re weil-plaeed Wind machines
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
All! ll.I
|
||
ELATIONSNIP BEIWEEN BRIGGS AND PUTNA
|
||
NDEX 16) AND ANNUAL MEAN WIND SPEED M l
|
||
secs
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
win/m.) mph
|
||
4.: (7.5
|
||
3.342 757 9.5
|
||
4.3'5‘ 9.6-".5
|
||
52-52 “Er"
|
||
3.3»75 14-!7
|
||
7.5>H§ iris
|
||
5.57 ii I124
|
||
>II >24
|
||
|
||
[mm wads Jam: z i and Wendell «mun. i979, TMSIS
|
||
imam: al mndpawlrpnlyllul. mm iii Almuxnhenc
|
||
|
||
Sum! OwnullSl
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
6A
|
||
TEMPERATURE EFFECTS
|
||
|
||
EVAPORATION causes hear loss loeaily and
|
||
CONDENSATION causes hear gain loeally. ladih elleeis
|
||
may Ix- used lo heai or eool air m surlures The USDA's
|
||
Yearbook iil Agrieiilruie an Tiees H949) lias nus in say
|
||
ahoui ihe eyaporariye elleels 0! lines, An ordinary elm,
|
||
ui muimm sues will gei rid oi lsmli pounds oi waier
|
||
on a clear dry hm day and -Ey.poiranspiraiioii (In a an
|
||
inch rainlalli is generally nor less iluaii ls inehes per
|
||
year.
|
||
Thus, ilie evapriraiion by day on trees edols air in hor
|
||
wearher, whlle um riiglii eondensalion ol aimuspliene
|
||
waier warms ilie suriounding air Molsmr! Will nor
|
||
condense unless ii linds a surlaee lo eondense an
|
||
Leayes pruyide ihis surlare, as well as runracl soolnig.
|
||
Lear suilaees are likely |u be (mlzr man other ohms or
|
||
evening due io ihe eyaporaiion lrnin lear siomara liy
|
||
days As air is also rising over irees, some renical lili
|
||
eooling occurs, the mo coinuining io condense
|
||
irinisruse on ihe ioiesr We lind ihai leaves are nova
|
||
waier, ihus haying rwice ilie specilic hear ol soil,
|
||
remaining rooler Lhaii ihe soil by day and warmer ll
|
||
nighi Plan's geneially may be IS‘C or w warmer lhari
|
||
ihe surrounding air ieinperaiuie
|
||
|
||
sinall open wakr slurages oi ha clumps upwind ol
|
||
a house have a pleasani moderanng elieer Air passing
|
||
over open mm is rooled in summer H is warmed and
|
||
has moisrure added even in Winien Only ware.
|
||
eaprnred by rim, however, hasa DEHUMIDIFYING
|
||
ellecl in hoi and humid riopicel areas, as rrees are
|
||
capable ol reducing humidiry by diiecr ahsorpiion
|
||
ereepr in lhe mosi exhane cundlridns
|
||
|
||
Reddlsh<ulomvd leaves, such is are developed in
|
||
some Vines and shrubs. ielleci chieny red Iighl rays.
|
||
|
||
141
|
||
|
||
sharp decreases in leinperaiure may resuli by
|
||
inierposing reddish roliage beiween a rhermoiuerer and
|
||
me sun. up lo mic (M‘H lower ihan Willi green
|
||
prgmenied plum lDaubeiiniiie, lmi. wniiish planis
|
||
such is Wormwood and uiieh may reflect sssr ol rne
|
||
conung lighl, whereas lhe dark leaves oi shade plans
|
||
may relies: as le as 2% H lollows rhai wlme or
|
||
red-eoloured roof Vines om iiles may elleriiiiely lower
|
||
summer leinperalures wrrhin buildings or in iiellis
|
||
sysieens. AddmnnaI cooling is eiieeied oy iirring irne
|
||
waier sprays and damp mnkh sysieins under iiellis,
|
||
inus nearing a cool area ol dense air by eyaporannn.
|
||
this eduei is oi gieai use in modeiaiing suriirner lieui in
|
||
buildings and lor pmvldmg ml air sounes io draw
|
||
lioiri by indueed myenulilarion.
|
||
|
||
|
||
|
||
6.5
|
||
TREES AND PRECIPITATION
|
||
|
||
Trees have helped in rreaie how our soils and
|
||
aimospheie. The hrsi oy mechanical ireoi piessurei and
|
||
eheiuieal lhuinie .cidi bmakdown oi Mk adding liie
|
||
processzs as humus and myriad decomposers The
|
||
seeond by gaseous erehange, esiaolishing and
|
||
mainiaining an uxygennfzd annospheie and an aeiiye
|
||
waiereyapour cycle essenrial lo lile
|
||
|
||
The mmpdsiiion 01 iiie armosphcre rs ihe resulr 0!
|
||
meme pieeesses, and linens may be doing dbmn m
|
||
0! use work, wliii ilie resr due ro oreanie or auuaiic
|
||
exehange. Many dries, and mosi deioresoed aieas such
|
||
as Gm, no longer produce ihe arygen rhey use
|
||
|
||
The basis elieeis oi rrees on warer harm-Ir and
|
||
wrudsrruanis are
|
||
|
||
. Compression or sireariiliiies. and induced
|
||
iuioulence in air flaws,
|
||
|
||
- Condensailon phennmena, especially ar riiglii,
|
||
Rehumidiliearion uy ihe cycling 0! waier m an,
|
||
|
||
- Snow and inelrwnler eiteeis; and
|
||
|
||
. vauon olriucleii lor rain.
|
||
|
||
We can deal wrih eaeh oi ihese in him liealieing iliai
|
||
may also inieraeri.
|
||
|
||
coMpxixloN ANDTURBULENCE swans
|
||
windsrieanis now aeioss a loiesi The snearnlines rhai
|
||
iiripinge on ihe ioiesi edge are parrly delleered nve'! ihe
|
||
loiesi ialrnoer was ul ihe airl and parily absorbed inio
|
||
tn: lies labour 4m. ol me sir). wiihin llm ni 13.30“
|
||
leeil ihe aii enrering ihe luresi, whh iis ionriages ol
|
||
waier and dusi, is inoughr lo a siandsrill. rlie (ms! has
|
||
swallowed lheso grear energies, and lhe resulr is an
|
||
almosi impenepiiole warming ol ihe air Wiihin ihe
|
||
Iorest, a generaily increased humidiiy in ilie lues
|
||
laveraging 15w! riigherrlian iheamhienrairi, and air
|
||
in whiehnodusr isdeleeialile
|
||
|
||
Under ihe ioiesi canopy, negarive ions produeed by
|
||
lile pioresses eause dusr pariicles isel io elump or
|
||
adhm eaeh ru me olher, and a lallmi ul dispersed
|
||
|