memex/0_inbox/in/books/PDM/Bill Mollison - Permaculture A Designer's Manual text/223.txt

swallows lo inrrmns rreale homes lrorn slabllrsed sorls
Seeds and spores aro barred, ekeayaied. hrdden,
ashyaled, and iorgoiien by borrowers, and reeyeled m
lile or hurrrus as sham. and namre draare

noon die seasonally, rnyade and relreai. and leave
rnrnule or rnassrye runnels lni animals, hrngr, and new
rools lo iollow. I anee erred to dlg a parsnrp oul oi
newly drarned swamp gaaund, ioilowrng u along an
old rool lraee. but gave up alier z rn l dld perslsi in
iollowlng a 4 ml long engaeld ~land erab~ or eanh
lobsler lo 2 m down and 2 rnalong and have oilerl dug
oui rabbil and mouse burrows lo had their neris,
rnairng sinuses, arr yenls, nursing sharnbers, dlsposai
ehules, and escape harehes, Many old gopher bunows
are lilled wrih plam remarns and iaeeal wasbes

A iew dedrealed soub rn lhe hrslory ol serense, llolrl
5n Albert Howard lo modern eeologisis, lry lo
errearare and discovu somelhlng oi rools, but as a
simple bluegurn isrrralyplas globulin} can easily
embraee an underground l 5 ha, a loresi rs so eomplex
and even lmergralled below ground shai lhe canopy
seems srrrlple. Many deseri planls lead a long and
slordy underground liie whrle lhrn, slraggly, and
ephemeral rn arr. some rnsecrs, like swrlr moihs
ildepralrdael spend Ha years underground as large
bardi grubs ia soseulani near ior Auslr diggers),
wilh only a iew days oi noclurnal ioodiess llle in arr,
manng and laying eggs beiore drsappeanrrg again In
lhe mm sheaihs and soil, as lherr near eousrns lhe
ghosr molhs and wilcllzny gnrbs do rn aerial slems
The oardr gmbs, loo, (\an lhousands oi shaiis lo lire
arr, and eyele boils oi nulrleni undelgmnnd, as do ihelr
relallves in air and sunhghi, Thelr predarors ioliow
inese hoaruers and burrowers below lhe soil, and hunl
(hem rndarkrlessand sechy

iho .mpheaiions lor designers are lhai rnany ol rhese
elieels may be pm louse, or rherr uses approeraledr rl rs
as rahrl lo planr an Anna lor lhe canndenbk
byrpmducl oi swih molh or ghosi rnolh larvae as n is
plani a mulberry (oi slikworrns, and lo use rnoles
rnsread oi mole pluughs, or gophers as dailodrl
gardeners iunpaldi Even on shores and lhe boiiorn ol
lakes and seas, lhe burrowers work lo (any humerus
below re roars and lo brlng up lresh minerals ior
deeornposiilon, wlule assusflng lhe flux oi liquids and
gases aeeoss lhe suriaees ol rnud medla

liools have inerr own PENETRATIONS idepihl,
PATTERNS or spread, SCHEDULES, seasonal
MlcxmoNs in or lram ihe suriaee and
equivalents ol deerduous drop or bark deeorlloaiion,
dyirlg on and sloughrng oll rooi brsnehes and bark is
iollnws lhar lhere rs a iopography oi planls
underground rhar parallels lhai oi piams in an. nrere
are also basre dinerenees. rn lhal speeral slorages or
llre-resrslanl organs lound underground as
lrgno—luhers, iubers. bulbs, and rhlaornes are very
mmmml

Some speeres seerere phcnnls or oreosoles i0 rnhrbli
olher planis ibraeken. ramaosk, llrglrrnnrrrenr. brassrrasl,
nlhurs ensapsulale or surround hapless Cnmpemun

   

 

(zlrralypius, wrllows. ianlanskr). borne irap neoralodes
and olher wou|drbe predarors, or poison lhern oul
imarigolds, lungr, Crohrlanel. whrie agnruliural flops
uplml irorn a“ rn (242 real) below lhe earlh, some
hoes may perreirale lo so m "M 1:91)“! deep deseri
sands Amnnd lhe rools oi dune irees, calcium and
aiher rnrnerals are depouled as smirke reoreiiona by
mob-nundaied lungs and buleria. Fm spaee sharing
ls also scheduled, so lhal sprrng bulbs have led,
flowered, and beiore the iree rools begin lhelr
upward rhrusi lor nurnenir and wares. iap-rooled lare
sianerssuoh as ihrsrles and romlrey reaeh deep lur lale
surnnrer moisiure, while a very iew planes and hang
rake aduanrage oi the rumour rams ior liowering and
dlsporsal

Where lhere is no season ol cold dearh as m lhe low
lalrludes, aeraal rools may develop, or strangler lags
sorrd down roois irorn high rn lhe rroichns oi orher
noes ro sneearuu lhere lo build greal bunressas as ills-y
roangle sherr hosi lree in a m well

For designers, lhe divusity ol roois ln sorl ran be
used as eliesiiyely as rhe dlversriy ol erowns and
ranoples. Urrsrable slopes are pegged wilh lhe grear
rool "nee nails~ ol shesorul and pine, oak and walnui
Evui shes a hundred years. lhe sleep slopes oi ihls
rsland iTasrrlanral are only iusi slarnng In eollapse as
lhe roois oi lhe cleared ioresls roi, and eould sail be
saved by prnes, Aromas, or ehesmuis Bamboo noi only
holds landshdes, bur ior lighl slrueiures proyrdes an
earrhouakeprooi raaliress ol roois, The rool mair ol
swamp vegerauon saye bulldozers irorn walery graves,
and lhe fibmus web of lhe prarl-le deleals lhe wind.

 

GEOLOGY AND L|FE poms

Many roeks and siraia on earrh arise horn lhe aeoons
oi |' ing organisms Wherher rl rs the nodules oi
manganese rn oeeame depihs, deposrls ol dlalom~
aeeous eanh, eoal. or lrmeslone, or opair and amber, all
were one lhe produors oi hyrng organisms Mueh ol
in: sirala we see, ekeepi much<hanged xnnilic and
vakamc deposrls, were lorrned lrorn or modrlred by
hie All sorls are lile—erealed, as are «he rorals and mnl
sands al many oeeanle esiands.

Llie ls also busy iransporirng and oyenurnlng lire
sorls ol earih, lhe smiles, and lhe minerals The
rnrleslong drills ol sea kelp ihal lloai along oureoasls
may any hundreds or ions oi yoleame boulders held
rn ihelr roois ihave lollowed ihese sirearns oi liie over
300 km, and seen rhear srrand on granrie beaehes.
rhrowrng lheir boulders up on a 9,000 year old pile oi
basalr, all use hundreds or ions oi whleh were carried
lhere by kelp. Round slones are dredged lrorn greai
deplhs rn lhe midvAilamlt‘, rhls does nor rnean ihai
rhey were lorrnod lhere, hm more likely lilai dull help
earned lhern lhere rrr iheir roob beiore lhey ny In
iapan and Alaska, sorne mrllrons oi peirels iPu/ylnus
lernrrroslrrsl aonually lrll inerr rrnp wnh iasrnanran
pebbles seeds, and shareoal, whrelr will be yorded
some-where rrr lhe Vaufic

223