135 lines
5.2 KiB
Plaintext
135 lines
5.2 KiB
Plaintext
end poleniially shoneierin shoiehne.
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Old deseris, iiire ehai ol Ceniral Ausll‘alla, inay
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enhioil some 3000 speeies oi woody planis, while
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reeenily danifitd mas, iilre ihose iii wumwzsk Aim.
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inny have as lew as lso pianin sumving ihe ieeeill
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ehange. iioin iiiiesi We ran in lhese (-55, m a ihe
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agenisoliernsouenye ehange, bnllglllg species ioassirl
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ioeai ie-ooiorusaoon liuin ihe world‘; arid lands Sueh
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speeies will Insist in pioneering nerllrai
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ieaiioiesianon. This has noi generally been our alin,
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and we annually desiloy such Inva|uabk speeies eonl-
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plus hi grow a suigle oop such as wheel, ihus laying
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wasie lo ihe hiiuie.
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The nuiriiaer oi ekmzlm in an aggregnle or syseein
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ccminly aired. us potential eonipielriiy, ll eonlpleiury
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is ialren lo he ihe nuniiaer oi hineiionai eonneeilons
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between eleirienis in iaei, as Waddiiiglon um poinis
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olii ln lhe ease oi n single inieieeiion la mnveisai-ionl
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peeween elernerils, eoinpleaoiy goes up ioughly as ille
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squaie oi lhe number oi dummy ‘Twa's eoinpany,
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liliee-s a crowd" ,and [we or SIX is gelling to be a
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rheuiislesl
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This is bad enough, lilii ii we eonsider ihe number ai
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posslbk eoniieelions iii and iroin in eielnenl sneh an a
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ehlellen irlguie 3.1», we ran see ihai iheee poienlial
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Mans depend on lhe inionnallon we have noolli
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lhe ehielren, so ihai ihe coinpleniiy oi a system
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depends on ihe iniorinanon we have dbolll iis
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eoinponenis, always piovi gthal such iniol-rilaooil ls
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uud in design As we eannoi know everylhing, or
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even know more ihan ihe apprennlaie eaiegoi-iis and
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quanklly oi things whlch aie iioi enampiel eaien by
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ehiellens, ihus in perinaeulnire we always suppose ihai
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lhe ehirken ls busy inrlriiix l-oririreiiwls iisei/, dbonl
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whlch we rould noi know and, oi (muse, ior which we
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eould hm design We lillisi siinpiy inisi lheeluelren
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Thus, in eonliiionsense, we an design ior whai we
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believe lo be esseniials, and in ihernielreri aiieild loali
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the deiaiis, eheelong ai laier siages lo see ihai yields
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(our uliiinale pioduelsi aie sallsladory, ihe ehlellens
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henllny and happy, and me syslein holdlllg up lamy
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well
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ii is iniporieni lo eoneenirsie on lhe nnruie or value
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oironnreiilinl whim :Imnlls, in nahiie, we ran raieiy
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eonneei eoinponenis u ensily as a wlie or pieee oi pipe
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eanhe rixed inio piale Weds not ‘mlllled ihe legume
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lei ihe orange iree, ihe rhiellen to lie seed, or lhe
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hedgerow ip lhe wind; we have lo undersinnd how
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ihey hrneuan and ihen pinie ihern wheie we erusi ihey
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will Wk. They lhen pioeeea to my addieionai iashs
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end lo pio e oiher oonneeniins iheinaelves. They do
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um mnfine iheir iuneiions lo our design Bowls!
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Evolving eornpiex species .sseinhlles in isoinied
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shes, e lhe Galapagos islands, may depend nioie on
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. speeieHwam arising lroiri pioneer or survivor
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species Illall ml invaders .dnpiing ironi boiderlandl
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Only when inany nielles aie einpiy is a species able to
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dihereilnaie and survive wiihoui mumtimr, so (I:
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doda .ild Ddrwlll‘s iinehrs arose, Having nrisen, ihey
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inay ihen well prove io be very useiul ID och: SysV
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seine Unique hlalld speeisa plum have himiiirin nor
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easily iound in eonlineninl and eiowded eoologiee;
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luquemly, hardy lravelers liire repriies and crue-
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iaeeaha ialre lip ihoee niches lhal, on ouminenis, aie
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ooeupled by species o1 mammals and birds
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ii is um enough lo mmly speciiy lhe nirniber oi
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eonneeeiona, and niii node heir yaluein lhe nymn asa
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whole; ii may he pussible lhai eoinpleir loci-l sine
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aliens and euliivsled or ehanee oompielriiy inay ooeur
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in mud sysienls by innoduciioni on rnigraiiona
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These new evenis, dkhollgh inereaiing eornplelrily,
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inay iedliee siaiailiry wnh iespeel lo a dainhk local
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yield. Thusv where ihe henipii eoinplexiiy oi eoopei-a-
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dve oiganirins is uselld, (unpdidve or minus
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wmpkxily is pmenliflly deeirucuve. Again, ii in n
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quesiioil oi lnaiehing heals wlih produce, and oi due
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will: given In oonneelionn
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2.9
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ORDER 0R CHAOS
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li ionows ihai order .nd disoider arise in: insin some
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.enloie and abscraci energy rheory laui iioin aeiunl
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ground mndlfions or eonienis, hohh in naiural and
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designed syslerns. Ennvpy is ihe reeuli oi lhe indie
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worlr, nor lhe(ull\plllul’y» A inmbleofdlvuse eleinenix
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is disordered An eleineni running wud or in an :clwe
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desknlclive rnode (ban in a ehina shopi is disordered,
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and loo lew or loo rnany ioieed mnllu‘tmns lead io
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disoider
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order is iound in ihinga liming beneficially iogeizler
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It is nor (he ioieed rondinan o4 when, iadiness, and
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siralghiness all oi which are, ill dengn or energy leniu,
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disordered True onier may lie in appsreni millsmll; ii
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is lhe aeid k-st oi ennopie order io In: lhe sysrenl ior
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yield ii ii consumes erieigy beyond piodllel, ii is in
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disorder ii ii produces energy lo or beyond
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eonsuinpnon ii is oideied
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Thus ihe semunglyewild and ”many—mm
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garden o{ a New Guim Villager ls heauiihiliy mud
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and in harmony, while lhe clipped lawns and pruned
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roies oi lhe pieudmnslornl aie naeure in wild
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disarray
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W
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cider and harmony malic- away In! dim um
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Diwmi comm-s einargyiio no uuiiii end,
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morass, mess. unnonnhy. end sheohineea willy
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an enamyeinnlnldriod mom in iinuial sysiaine.
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2 10
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YERMm'ED AND FORCED
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FUNCTIONS
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All key living eiernellis may supply inany nuelions in
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a syslein, bill ii we iry lo ioiee loo iii...y walk
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31
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